SDE - Intern

You are given an array containing 'N' points in the plane. The task is to find out the distance of the closest points.

Note :

Where distance between two points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) is calculated as [(x1 - x2) ^ 2] + [(y1 - y2) ^ 2].

You are given the root node of a binary tree consisting of ‘N’ nodes. Your task is to find the number of good nodes in the given binary tree.

A good node is defined as good if there are no nodes with a value greater than X’s value in the path from the root to X.

You are given a root node ‘ROOT’.Your task is to return the number of good nodes.

Example:

Elements are in the level order form. The input consists of values of nodes separated by a single space in a single line. In case a node is null, we take -1 in its place.

For example, the input for the tree depicted in the below image would be :

1
2 3
4 -1 5 6
-1 7 -1 -1 -1 -1
-1 -1

Explanation :
Level 1 :
The root node of the tree is 1

Level 2 :
Left child of 1 = 2
Right child of 1 = 3

Level 3 :
Left child of 2 = 4
Right child of 2 = null (-1)
Left child of 3 = 5
Right child of 3 = 6

Level 4 :
Left child of 4 = null (-1)
Right child of 4 = 7
Left child of 5 = null (-1)
Right child of 5 = null (-1)
Left child of 6 = null (-1)
Right child of 6 = null (-1)

Level 5 :
Left child of 7 = null (-1)
Right child of 7 = null (-1)

The first not-null node (of the previous level) is treated as the parent of the first two nodes of the current level. 

The second not-null node (of the previous level) is treated as the parent node for the next two nodes of the current level and so on.

The input ends when all nodes at the last level are null (-1).

Note :

The above format was just to provide clarity on how the input is formed for a given tree. 

The sequence will be put together in a single line separated by a single space. Hence, for the above-depicted tree, the input will be given as:

1 2 3 4 -1 5 6 -1 7 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

Given an arbitrary binary tree consisting of N nodes, each node is associated with a character value. Your task is to check whether there exist a pair of nodes such that their subtrees are equal.

Note :

A subtree of a node X is all the nodes that are below X and X itself.

A binary tree is a tree consisting of at most two children.

Two subtrees are said to be equal if they both have the same structure and the corresponding nodes in both the subtrees are associated with the same character value.

Given a string 'S' of length 'L', return the length of the longest substring without repeating characters.

Example:

Suppose given input is "abacb", then the length of the longest substring without repeating characters will be 3 ("acb").