SDE - 1

You are given an integer array 'ARR' of size 'N' and an integer 'S'. Your task is to return the list of all pairs of elements such that each sum of elements of each pair equals 'S'.

Note:

Each pair should be sorted i.e the first value should be less than or equals to the second value. 

Return the list of pairs sorted in non-decreasing order of their first value. In case if two pairs have the same first value, the pair with a smaller second value should come first.

You are given two Strings 'P' and 'Q' of equal length.

Your task is to return 1 if String 'P' can be converted into String 'Q' by cyclically rotating it to the right any number of times ( Possibly Zero ), else return 0.

A cyclic rotation to the right on String 'A' consists of taking String 'A' and moving the rightmost character to the leftmost position. For example, if 'A' = "pqrst", then it will be "tpqrs" after one cyclic rotation on 'A'.

For example:

Consider the two strings 'P' = "abfyg" and 'Q' = "gabfy" 

If we cyclically rotate String 'P' to the right once. The resulting string P becomes "gabfy" which is equal to String 'Q'. 

Therefore it is possible to convert String 'P' to String 'Q'.

You have been given the Inorder Traversal and Level Order Traversal of a Binary Tree of integers. Your task is to calculate the height of the Binary tree without constructing it.

The height of the binary tree is the number of edges in the longest path from the root node to any leaf node in the tree. In case the tree has only one node, the height is taken to be 0.

While practicing questions on data structures, Ninja faced a problem and was not able to pass all the test cases of a question as the time complexity of the code Ninja made was very large. Ninja asked you for help. You are given a snippet of code and you have to optimize the code.

Pseudocode:

RES = 0
FOR(i -> A to B) {
    FOR(j -> C to D) {
        ADD (i ^ j) to RES;
    }
}
PRINT(RES)

You are given the integers ‘A’, ‘B’, ‘C’, and ‘D’, and ‘^’ represents the bitwise XOR operator. As the result can be large print the result modulo 1000000007.

You are given an array 'arr' of length 'n', consisting of integers.

A subarray is a contiguous segment of an array. In other words, a subarray can be formed by removing 0 or more integers from the beginning and 0 or more integers from the end of an array.

Find the sum of the subarray (including empty subarray) having maximum sum among all subarrays.

The sum of an empty subarray is 0.

Example :

Input: 'arr' = [1, 2, 7, -4, 3, 2, -10, 9, 1]

Output: 11

Explanation: The subarray yielding the maximum sum is [1, 2, 7, -4, 3, 2].

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