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Introduction
Connecting your IoT devices to the cloud and other devices is made possible by AWS IoT. You can integrate your IoT devices into AWS IoT-based solutions by using AWS IoT device software. AWS IoT can connect your devices to AWS cloud services if they are capable of connecting to AWS IoT.
Amazon IoT supports HTTP, WebSockets, and MQTT, a lightweight protocol specifically designed to reduce network bandwidth requirements, minimize code footprint on devices, and tolerate intermittent connections. Additionally, Amazon IoT supports other industry-standard and custom protocols, so devices can communicate even if they use different protocols.
AWS IoT Core supports the following protocols to help you manage and support your IoT devices in the field:
Message Queuing and Telemetry Transport(MQTT)
MQTT over WSS (Websockets Secure)
HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol - Secure)
LoRaWAN (Long Range Wide Area Network)
Messages can be published and subscribed to by devices and clients that use the MQTT and MQTT over WSS protocols. Messages can also be posted by devices and clients using the HTTPS protocol.
The AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN provides easy device connectivity and management over LoRaWAN (low-power long-range Wide Area Network). You don't have to develop and operate a LoRaWAN Network Server (LNS) with AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN
Solutions AWS IoT supports.
Here are a few examples of AWS IoT solutions for industrial processes that utilize IoT technologies to improve productivity and performance.
To build predictive quality models, AWS IoT gathers and analyzes data from industrial operations.
Using AWS IoT, preventive maintenance can be planned to reduce unplanned downtime.
The following are some examples of AWS IoT solutions for home automation use cases that deploy IoT technologies to develop scalable IoT applications that automate household activities using connected devices.
AWS IoT can provide home automation solutions.
You can use AWS IoT to integrate machine learning and edge computing into your home automation solution.
How AWS IoT works
The Internet of Things (IoT) is generally composed of the following components shown below.
Apps
End-users can use apps to access IoT devices and cloud services to which they are connected.
Cloud services
Data storage and processing services on the cloud are distributed, large-scale, and connected to the internet. Examples include:
AWS IoT an example of an IoT connection and management service.
Compute services, such as AWS Lambda and Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud.
Database services, such as Amazon DynamoDB
Communications
Various technologies and protocols are used to communicate with cloud services. Examples include Wi-Fi, cellular data, Long-range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN), Proprietary RF communications.
Devices
Hardware used to manage interfaces, and communications is called a device. The devices that monitor and control real-world interfaces are usually located close to them. Microcontrollers, CPUs, and RAM, are examples of devices that provide computing and storage. Examples include Raspberry Pi, Arduino, Voice-interface assistants, Custom IoT devices
AWS IoT Core services
With AWS IoT Core, you can connect your internet-connected devices to other cloud services and applications so that they can interact with each other.
AWS IoT Core messaging services
The connectivity services provided by AWS IoT Core allow the IoT devices to communicate securely and to manage the messages that are sent between them and AWS IoT.
Device gateway: Devices are able to communicate with AWS IoT securely and efficiently using secure protocols that use X.509 certificates.
Message broker: Publishes and receives messages from devices and AWS IoT applications using a secure method. Both MQTT over WebSocket and MQTT directly support publishing and subscribing.
AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN: AWS IoT receives LoRaWAN messages which are formatted and sent to other AWS services through the rules engine.
Rules engine: Data from the message broker is connected to other AWS IoT services for storage and additional processing via the Rules engine. If you define an expression in the Rules Engine, you can insert, update, or query a DynamoDB table or invoke a Lambda function.
AWS IoT Core control services
Control features include device management, device security, and device registration offered by AWS IoT Core.
Custom Authentication service: Using a custom authentication service and a Lambda function, you can create custom authorizers that enable you to manage your own authentication and authorization strategy.
Device Provisioning service: The device can be provisioned using a template that describes the resources that your device needs: a thing object, a certificate, and one or more policies. The thing object defines attributes of a device in the registry. Devices use certificates to authenticate with AWS IoT. Policies are used to determine which operations a device can perform in AWS IoT.
Jobs service: Provides the ability to define a job that instructs a group of devices to perform remote operations. This includes updating applications or firmware, rebooting, rotating certificates, or performing remote troubleshooting operations.
Security and Identity service: Assumes responsibility for security in the AWS Cloud. For data to be securely sent to the message broker, your devices must keep their credentials safe.
AWS IoT Core data services
Your IoT solutions will benefit from AWS IoT Core's data services even if the devices are not always connected.
Device shadow: This JSON document is used to store and retrieve information regarding a device's current state.
Device Shadow service: The Device Shadow service allows applications to communicate with a device whether it is online or not. Device Shadow manages the data for connected applications when a device is offline.
AWS IoT Core support service
Alexa Voice Service (AVS) Integration for AWS IoT: With AVS for AWS IoT, Alexa integration is more cost-effective and simpler.
Amazon Sidewalk Integration for AWS IoT Core: Amazon Sidewalk is a shared network that makes it possible for devices to work together more effectively.
Connecting to AWS IoT Core
There are several ways to connect with AWS IoT. The AWS IoT Core - control plane can be used by applications and services, while devices can access AWS IoT Core through AWS IoT Core for LoRaWAN gateways and devices or AWS IoT device endpoints.
You can use the AWS CLI, the AWS SDK for your preferred language, or call the REST API directly to access the features of the AWS IoT Core - control plane. AWS IoT Core is best accessed by AWS CLI or an AWS SDK because they incorporate the best practices for interacting with AWS services. Using the REST APIs directly is also an option, but you will need the proper credentials to access the API. Connecting to AWS IoT Core is easier when you use AWS Amplify tools and resources.
AWS IoT Core connects devices to AWS IoT and other services. Devices communicate with AWS IoT Core through device endpoints that are unique to your account. Using Amazon's IoT Device SDKs, you can communicate with your devices via MQTT and WSS protocol.
Device communication protocols
In addition to supporting devices and clients that publish and subscribe to messages using MQTT and MQTT over WebSocket Secure (WSS), AWS IoT Core also supports devices and clients that publish messages using HTTPS. IPv4 and IPv6 are supported by all protocols.
MQTT
Designed for constrained devices, MQTT is a lightweight and widely adopted messaging protocol. With some differences, AWS IoT support for MQTT is based on MQTT v3.1.1.
Amazon Web Services IoT Core supports devices connected via MQTT or MQTT over WSS, identified by a client ID. Devices can connect to AWS IoT using AWS IoT Device SDKs that support both protocols. These SDKs provide the functionality that devices and clients require to connect to and access AWS IoT Core Services.
HTTPS
HTTP 1.0 and 1.1 are the protocols used by clients in order to publish messages using the REST API.
Messages are published by devices and clients using POST requests to a topic-specific URL and a client-specific endpoint:
IoT_data_endpoint is the AWS IoT device data endpoint.
url_encoded_topic_name is the full topic name of the message being sent.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is MQTT?
MQTT is a lightweight and widely used messaging protocol.
What does AWS IoT Core offer?
Connectivity between devices and the AWS cloud.
Which languages does AWS IoT Console support?
In addition to English and French, AWS IoT Console supports Japanese, Korean, Simplified Chinese, German, Portuguese, Spanish, Italian, and Traditional Chinese.
Conclusion
In this blog, we studied about AWS IoT Core and how it can be used to integrate devices with other AWS services.
Check out this link if you want to learn the basics of the Internet of Things(IoT).
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