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Introduction
Cloud Computing is the delivery of on-demand computing services, including storage, databases, and applications, over the internet, providing scalability and flexibility without the need of any physical servers or system.
In today's world, the pace of increasing data by users is so high that we need large databases to store that data. It is also not affordable to have these databases on our local devices. So to solve this problem, cloud computing comes into the picture.
A cloud is a set of services, networks, hardware, storage, and interfaces that enable the delivery of computing as a service. These resources include applications, processing, storage, networking, development and deployment platforms, and business processes. However, Cloud Computing does not imply that there is only one cloud. The phrase "Cloud" refers to the Internet, a network. Furthermore, not all forms of remote computing are Cloud Computing.
Basic Cloud Computing Interview Questions for Freshers
Some of the basic level cloud computing interview questions you might get asked in an interview are:
Q1. What is Cloud Computing?
Cloud Computing is a service that companies provide that enables users to store applications and data on a remote server. The stored data can be accessed via the Internet.It means the user doesn't have to be at a specific location every time. Their work and application are available on any device. So, they can connect to the Internet and complete their work from anywhere in the world.
Q2. What is Cloud Technology?
The cloud is an environment in which multiple servers, networks, hardware, storage, and interfaces are located. They help in the delivery of computing as a service. It broadly has three users:
The end user uses the service provided by the cloud.
The business and management user is responsible for the data and services provided by the user.
The cloud service provider takes care of the IT assets of the cloud.
Q3. What are some of the key features of Cloud Computing?
Some important key features of cloud computing are given below:
Scalable: Cloud computing allows the user to easily adjust the amount of resources required thus making it flexible to handle changing needs. It can grow or shrink according to the requirements.
Agile: Cloud services are designed to be quick and adaptable, enabling the user to respond rapidly to business demands or changes in technology without significant delays or hassle.
Location independent: The user can access cloud services from anywhere with an internet connection. The user's data and applications are stored remotely, making them accessible from different devices and locations.
Multitenant: Cloud providers can serve many users on shared infrastructure, improving resource utilization and reducing costs.
Reliable: Cloud services are built with redundancy and backup mechanisms, ensuring high availability and minimal downtime.
Q4. What are the benefits of Cloud Computing?
The benefits of cloud computing are
Powerful server capabilities.
Data storage and backup of data.
Incremented productivity.
Cost-effective and time-saving.
Q5. What are the cloud service models?
There are various cloud computing models, such as:
Infrastructure-as-a-Service: IaaS offers virtualized computing resources like servers, storage, and networking over the internet, giving users control over their own operating systems and applications.
Platform-as-a-Service: PaaS provides a ready-to-use platform with tools for developing, hosting, and deploying applications without the need to manage the underlying infrastructure.
Function-as-a-Service: FaaS allows developers to run code in response to events, paying only for the actual usage of resources.
Software-as-a-Service: SaaS delivers complete software applications over the internet through subscriptions, removing the need for users to install the software locally.
Anything-as-a-Service: XaaS is a term used for cloud services that provide special solutions like Security-as-a-Service or Database-as-a-Service, expanding the "as-a-Service" model.
Q6. What are the Cloud Storage Levels?
There are four cloud storage levels:
Blocks
Files
Datasets
Objects
Q7. Who are the Cloud service providers in a cloud ecosystem?
Cloud service providers are the companies that sell their services to users. These service providers take care of all the IT assets deployed on the cloud. Sometimes these companies also provide services to their partners, employees, etc.
Q8. What are the components of Windows Azure?
Window Azure platform services
Cloud
SQL Azure
App fabric: Allow fabric cloud
Q9. What are the main constituents of the cloud ecosystem?
The main constituents of the cloud eco-system are
Direct consumer,
Cloud consumer,
Cloud service provider
Q10. What are the different types of clouds?
The different types of cloud computing are
Public cloud: These are internet-based services provided by third-party companies to many users.
Private cloud: This type of cloud offers services to a single organization, ensuring control and security over data and resources.
Hybrid cloud: Hybrid cloud combines both public and private cloud thus allowing effortless movement of data and applications for flexibility and workload optimization.
Multi-cloud: Multi-cloud is used to to minimize risk, prevent dependency on a single vendor, and meet certain business needs.
Intermediate Cloud Computing Interview Questions
Here are some intermediate-level cloud computing interview questions and answers.
Q11. Explain security management in terms of Cloud Computing.
There are three steps for cloud security management.
Identity management access that provides the authorization of application services.
Access control permission is given to users to have complete controlling access over another user entering the cloud environment.
Authentication and authorization only permit valid candidates to access the data and applications.
Q12. Why are hybrid clouds so important?
There are hybrid clouds to leverage the best services of both the public and private clouds. Below are some reasons for using hybrid clouds:
Cloud Bursting - Access capacity and specialized software are available in the public cloud, not in the private cloud. Examples: Virtual Amazon and Dynamo
So to leverage both the features of cloud, we adopt a hybrid cloud.
vCloud -
It is a VMware cloud.
It is expensive.
It gives enterprise quality.
OpenStack -
It is less reliable.
We can run the web server on an open stack.
The database is built on Vcloud.
It has a commodity server and storage.
Q13. What are microservices and their importance in the cloud?
Microservices help create applications independent of one another and the platform they were developed on. Once built, each microservice runs its process and interacts via well-defined and standardised APIs. It is important in the cloud for the following reasons:
They make changes easier and quicker.
Scalability makes it easier to deploy an additional instance of services.
Each of them is built for a particular purpose. This makes app development simpler.
Q14. What are the layers of Cloud Computing?
The different layers of cloud computing are given below.
Cluster controller
Walrus
Storage Controller
Node Controller
Cloud controller
Q15. Explain the difference between cloud and traditional data centers.
The difference between cloud and traditional data centers is.
Cloud Computing
Traditional Hosting
The cost of cloud hosting is less, and cost-effective.
Shared hosting costs less, while dedicated hosting costs more.
High website performance and speed of page loading.
Speed and performance depend upon the density of the traffic.
Maximum security of data; if in case a single server fails user can access data from another server.
It offers less security as it relies on a single server.
Q16. What is meant by Edge Computing?
Edge computing is a part of distributed computing architecture. It helps in bringing companies closer to the source data. This benefits businesses by giving them good response time, better insights, and bandwidth.
Q17. What is Paas in Cloud Computing?
Paas is a cloud service that provides a proper environment for the development of web applications. It supports the complete application development cycle in one place, such as resources, testing, deployment, management, and updation. This service relieves you from managing the underlying system(hardware and operating system). The developer is responsible to manager their data. As a result, it allows the developers to focus on building and deploying of application.
Q18. What are cloud-enabling technologies?
Some of the cloud-enabling technologies are
Data center technology,
Web technology,
Multitenant technology,
Service technology,
Virtualization technology,
Broadband networks and Indian architecture
Q19. What is the cloud usage monitor?
Cloud usage monitors exist in different formats. It depends on what usage metrics are designed to collect and how the user data needs to be collected.
Below is some agent-based implementations format:
Resource agent
Polling agent
Monitoring agent
Q20. What are cloud-enabling technologies?
Modern cloud-based platforms are made possible by a variety of technological advancements. Cloud-enabling technologies are what they're called. The following are some cloud-enabling technologies:
Broadband Networks and Internet Architecture
Data Center Technology
(Modern) Virtualization Technology
Web Technology
Multitenant Technology
Service Technology
Q11. What are Cloud-Native Applications?
Cloud-native is a software framework designed with containers, microservices, dynamic orchestration, and continuous delivery of software. Every part of the cloud-native application has within its container. It is dynamically orchestrated with other containers to optimize resource utilization.Every component of the cloud-native software has its container, which is dynamically choreographed with other containers to maximise resource use.
Advanced Cloud Computing Interview Questions for Experienced
Here are some advanced-level cloud computing interview questions and answers.
Q21. What are the uses of APIs in cloud services?
The uses of API in cloud computing are
We use API to eliminate the need to write a complete program.
Instructions are provided to make efficient communication between one or more applications.
Creating applications becomes very easy and accessible to link cloud services with another system.
Q22. Mention different data center deployments of Cloud Computing.
Different cloud computing data centers are given below.
Containerized data centers - These data centers are packages containing network components, servers, and storage delivered to large warehouse facilities.
In these data centers, each deployment is relatively unique.
Low-density data centers - These data centers solved the problems of heat and significant engineering troubles promoted in containerized data centers. The equipment is established far apart to cool down the generated heat.
Q23. What are the building blocks of cloud architecture?
The building blocks of cloud architecture are
Technical architecture,
Reference architecture,
Deployment operation architecture
Q24. How does the Cloud Native Computing Foundation define cloud-native applications?
The cloud-native computing defines cloud-native applications in such a way.
Dynamically managed - It is a standard way to deploy, discover, and scale up and down containerized applications.
Container packaged - It means a standard way to package resource-efficient applications. By using a container format, more applications can be densely packed.
Microservice oriented means decomposing the application into modular, independent services that interact through well-defined service contracts.
Q25. What do you mean by Rate Limiting?
Rate limiting is a way to limit network traffic. It runs within the app rather than the server. It typically tracks the IP addresses and the time between each request. It eliminates certain suspicious and malicious activities. It protects against API overuse which is important to prevent.
Q26. What are some issues with Cloud Computing?
Some of the issues of cloud computing are:
Legal and Compliance issues.
Data management issues.
Security issues.
Performance and quality of service-related issues.
Q27. What are the advantages and disadvantages of serverless computing?
Serverless computing has some advantages and disadvantages, which are given below:
Advantages
Serverless computing helps boost productivity.
It offers scaling options.
The operations of serverless computing are simplified.
It involves zero server management.
Disadvantages
Debugging serverless code is a bit more challenging.
It is not ideal for high-computing operations because of resource limitations.
Serverless code can cause response latency.
For serverless computing, the security responsibility comes under the service company, not the consumer, which might be more vulnerable.
Q28. How does the Monitoring Agent monitor cloud usage?
A monitoring agent is an event-driven program that exists as a service agent and resides along the existing communication paths. It transparently analyzes and monitors the data flows. The monitoring agent generally measures the network traffic and message metric.
Q29. How does the Resource Agent monitor cloud usage?
The resource agent is a processing module that is used to collect data by having event-driven interactions with the specialized resources software. This agent is applied to check the usage metrics based on observable events at the resource software level, like initiating, suspending, resuming, and vertical scaling.
Q30. How would you safeguard data for transport in the cloud?
Check that the encryption key used with the data you submit does not cause any data leaks as it travels from point A to point B in the cloud; check that the encryption key used with the data you submit does not cause any data leaks as it goes through the cloud from point A to point B; check for data leaks with the encryption key used with the data you send while it travels from point A to point B in the cloud to ensure this.
Cloud Computing Salary Trends
Cloud computing has become a cornerstone of modern IT infrastructure, leading to a growing demand for skilled professionals in the field. Salaries for cloud computing roles have been on the rise due to this increased demand and the specialized skills required. Professionals with expertise in cloud platforms like AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud often command higher salaries compared to other IT roles. The salary trends also vary based on factors such as geographic location, level of experience, and the specific cloud technologies used. Generally, roles such as Cloud Architects, DevOps Engineers, and Cloud Consultants offer competitive salaries and opportunities for career growth, reflecting the high value placed on cloud computing skills in today’s job market.
Cloud Computing Job Trends
The job market for cloud computing professionals is thriving, driven by the rapid adoption of cloud technologies by businesses of all sizes. Key trends include a strong demand for roles related to cloud migration, management, and security. Companies are increasingly seeking experts in multi-cloud environments, hybrid cloud solutions, and cloud-native applications. The rise of remote work has also expanded opportunities for cloud professionals, allowing them to work from anywhere and support global operations. Additionally, there is a growing emphasis on continuous learning and certification to stay current with evolving cloud technologies and best practices, making ongoing education an important aspect of career development in this field.
Cloud Computing Roles and Responsibilities
Cloud computing encompasses a variety of roles, each with distinct responsibilities. Common roles include:
Cloud Architect: Designs and manages cloud infrastructure and services, ensuring scalability, security, and efficiency. They develop strategies for cloud adoption and integration.
Cloud Engineer: Implements and maintains cloud solutions, including provisioning resources, managing deployments, and troubleshooting issues. They work closely with Cloud Architects to operationalize cloud strategies.
Cloud Consultant: Advises organizations on cloud adoption, optimization, and best practices. They provide recommendations on cloud strategies and help with cloud migration and deployment.
Cloud Security Specialist: Focuses on securing cloud environments, including protecting data, managing access controls, and ensuring compliance with security standards and regulations.
DevOps Engineer: Integrates development and operations processes using cloud technologies to automate workflows, streamline deployments, and improve system reliability.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Cloud Computing?
Cloud Computing is the delivery of on-demand computing services, including storage, databases, and applications, over the internet, providing scalability and flexibility without the need of any physical servers or system.
What roles are you offered if you clear a cloud computing interview as a fresher?
If you clear a fresher cloud computing interview, you may be offered entry-level roles like Cloud Support Engineer, Cloud Operations Associate, Cloud Solutions Specialist, DevOps Engineer, Cloud Application Developer, etc. depending on the company and its requirements.
What is the salary offered to a Cloud Support Engineer?
The salary offered to a cloud support engineer may range from ₹2.4 lakhs to ₹6 lakhs per annum. After gaining some experience Cloud Support Engineer can earn up to ₹12,00000 lakhs per annum.
What topics should you prepare for a Data Engineer interview?
Some of the topics that you should prepare for Data Engineer interview are Cloud computing fundamentals, service models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS), cloud security, deployment and migration, virtualization, cloud providers, cost optimization, monitoring, and troubleshooting.
Conclusion
In this article, we have covered the topic of Cloud Computing Interview Questions. In this, we have discussed all the important questions related to Cloud Computing from beginner to advanced level, which are asked in the interviews. This is all about the report. I hope you all found these Cloud Computing interview questions interesting and helpful.
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