DDS Protocol

Architecture

Model

It is a networking middleware that simplifies complex network programming. It uses a publish-subscribe pattern for sending and receiving data between the nodes. Nodes that produce information create topics and publish samples, DDS delivers the samples to subscribers that declare an interest in that topic. It handles transfer chores such as message addressing, delivery, and flow control. Each and every node can be a publisher or a subscriber, or both simultaneously.

DDS PROTOCOL

• The protocol uses broker-less architecture in the Internet of Things, unlike MQTT and CoAP protocols.
• It is an IoT protocol developed by Object Management Group for Machine to Machine Communication.
• It uses a publish-subscribe methodology for exchanging data.
• It uses multicasting to bring high-quality QoS to the applications.
• In the DDS protocol, there are two layers named DCPS and DLRL.
• The DCPS stands for Data-Centric Publish-Subscribe, it is a standard API for a data-centric, topic-based, and real-time publish/subscribe layer. The function of this layer is to deliver information to subscribers.  
• The DLRL stands for Data Local Reconstruction Layer, it is a standard API for creating object views from the collection of topics. Its function is to provide an interface to DCPS functionalities. This enables sharing of distributed data among devices that are IoT enables.

Working

Data Distribution Service (or DDS) is a fully distributed Global Data Space, which makes it fully distributed to avoid introducing a single point of failure or bottleneck.

• Applications can autonomously and asynchronously read as well as write data in the Global Data Space.
• Since publishers and subscribers are dynamically discovered, they can join or leave the Global Data Space at any time.
• Publishers and Subscribers show their intention to produce or consume a specific type of data, such as topics.
• Subscriptions are matched by taking into account the topics with details like name, data type, etc.
• All the subscriptions are dynamically matched, and the data flows from the publisher to the subscribers.

Applications

Open Standardization Process

DDS is an open standard. The Object Management Group is one of the largest computer industry associations of which organizations like IBM, Microsoft, Oracle, Red Hat, etc., are a part. Any organization can join and participate in the Object Management Group standardization process, the adopted standards are available on the OMG website for free.

Versatile Framework

DDS is a chosen and required connectivity standard for mission and safety-critical applications in many industries.

• DDS and TSN converge two communications standards for deterministic, real-time, and end-to-end distribution.
• DDS and FACE: It is used in the military avionics system.
• DDS and ROS 2: production-grade deployment in robotics systems.

Also see, Difference Between Verilog and Vhdl

Frequently Asked Questions 

Name the two layers in the DDS protocol stack.

Data-Centric Publish-Subscribe (DCPS) and Data Local Reconstruction Layer (DLRL) are the two layers in the DDS protocol stack.
 

Name a programming language for which DDS is a standard messaging API?

DDS is a standard messaging API for the C++ programming language.

Read about - Lock based protocol in DBMS

Conclusion

In this article, we have extensively discussed about the DDS protocol: features, architecture, and application.

After reading about the DDS Protocol, are you not feeling excited to read/explore more articles on protocols? Don't worry; Coding Ninjas has you covered. To learn, see what is prims algorithm - MST, what is IoT, and network security using firewalls.

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