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Introduction
We can design our android applications using different design architectures like the Model-View- ViewModel (MVVM), Model-View-Presenter (MVP), and Model-View-Controller (MVC). We use these architectures widely as they provide modularity to the code and ensure that it gets covered in the unit testing. The goal of these architectures is to separate responsibility for visualization, processing, and data management of UI applications.
Let us now understand more about the three different architecture models and their differences.
The Model View Controller design architecture splits your code into three parts- Model, View, and the Controller. We divide the code into the following three parts as per the given details:
Model: It is the business logic and data state. We use the model to retrieve and manipulate data, communicate with controllers, interact with databases, and update views.
View: Views determine what the user sees in an application. User Interface has HTML/CSS/XML. It sometimes communicates with the controller and sometimes interacts with the model as well. It passes some dynamic views through the controller.
Controller It is Activity/Fragment. It communicates with the line of sight and the model. It receives user input from the View / REST service. Get the data from the process request model and pass it to the view.
The MVP pattern overcomes the challenges of MVC and provides an easy way to structure your project code. MVP is popular because it gives modularity, testability, and a cleaner and more maintainable codebase. It helps us to improve the presentation logic of the code.
It consists of the following three components.
Model: Layer for storing data. It handles domain logic (actual business rules) and is responsible for communicating with the database and network layers.
View: It is the UI (user interface) layer. It provides data visualization and is used to track user actions so that we can notify the presenters.
Presenter: It takes data from the model and applies UI logic to determine what we should display to the user. It is helpful as it manages the view's state and takes action as per the user input notifications from the view.
The MVVM pattern shares some similarities with the MVP (Model-View-Presenter) design pattern in that the ViewModel inherits the role of the presenter. We address the shortcomings of the MVP pattern by MVVM. This model suggests separating the data presentation logic (view or UI) from the core business logic part of the application. The individual code layers for MVVM are:
Model: This layer is mainly responsible for the abstraction of the data source. Model and ViewModel work together to get and save the data.
View: This layer aims to inform the view model of the user's actions. This layer monitors the ViewModel and does not contain any application logic.
ViewModel: Exposes the data stream associated with the view. It also acts as a link between the model and the view.
Separates the application into three components: Model (data), View (UI), and Controller (logic).
Similar to MVC but introduces a Presenter to handle user interactions and update the View.
Extends MVP by introducing a ViewModel to manage the presentation logic and state of the View.
Responsibilities
Model manages data, View presents data to the user, Controller processes user actions and updates the Model or View.
Model represents data and business logic, View displays data, Presenter handles user interactions and updates the View or Model.
Model holds data and business logic, View displays data and UI components, ViewModel manages the presentation logic and state of the View.
Dependency
View depends on both Model and Controller.
View and Model are independent, Presenter mediates between them.
View and ViewModel are connected using data binding, ViewModel interacts with Model.
Testing
Controllers are often difficult to test due to their direct interaction with both View and Model.
Presenters can be easily tested as they separate concerns and enable mocking for unit testing.
ViewModels facilitate unit testing by decoupling UI logic from the View and enabling testing of presentation logic.
Data Binding
Typically not supported natively.
No native support, but can be implemented using frameworks or libraries.
Supported natively in frameworks like WPF, Xamarin, and Angular, enabling automatic synchronization of View and ViewModel.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is MVC vs MVVM vs MVP flutter?
MVC separates Model, View, and Controller. MVVM adds ViewModel to manage UI logic. MVP adds Presenter to mediate between Model and View.
What is the difference between MVC and MVP product?
MVC separates Model, View, Controller. MVP introduces Presenter to mediate between Model and View, making it more testable and maintainable.
Why MVP is better than MVVM?
MVP provides clearer separation of concerns with Presenter mediating between View and Model, facilitating easier testing and maintenance.
What is the similarity between MVP and MVVM Architecture?
MVVM pattern is similar to MVP as the role of the Presenter is of ViewModel in MVVM.
What makes MVP Architecture better than MVC?
The MVP pattern overcomes the challenges of MVC and provides an easy way to structure your project code. The reason MVP is so widely accepted is that it provides modularity.
Conclusion
In this article, we have extensively discussed the differences between Model View Controller Architecture, Model View Presenter Architecture, and Model-View-ViewModel Pattern.
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