There are several approaches for developing code in programming languages. But the two most popular and important ones are object-oriented programming and procedural programming.
Both programming styles are meant to be understood properly as they have become quite popular in recent years and are important in every aspect. Whether you want to master coding, ace your interview, or want to understandany languagedeeply, it’s necessary to be clear with all the concepts of object-oriented programming and procedural programming language. In this article we are going to see every aspect of object oriented and procedural oriented programming language so that you can choose an appropriate code style depending upon the application you are going to create.
OOPS (Object-Oriented Programming) is a programming paradigm where the code is divided into classes with their objects for its implementation. A class is a type of structure that can have attributes and methods. The concepts of OOPS increase the code readability and promotes the reusability of code.
Languages used in Object-Oriented Programming:
There are several programming languages that promote the OOPS paradigm, which is as follows:
C++: C++ is Object-Oriented Programming where everything is associated with classes and objects.
Java: Java is also Object-Oriented Programming where the concept of classes and objects comes into play.
Python: Python is also one of the Object-Oriented Programming Languages that use classes and objects.
JavaScript: Javascript is a scripting language that follows the Object-Oriented Programming paradigm.
PHP: PHP is a server scripting language that uses the concepts of classes and objects.
You’ve understood all about object oriented programming above.Now let’s move towards making a better understanding towards procedural programming also. Procedural programming is also a programming paradigm based on the concept of the procedure call. It is derived from structured programming. Procedures are simply a series of steps to be followed. Some of the first procedural programming languages were Fortran, ALGOL, C etc. The computer processors provide hardware support to procedural programming through a stack register and also provide instructions for calling procedures and returning from the stack.
Procedural programming languages are also imperative languages to make explicit references to the state of the execution environment. The major difference between these is procedural programming depends on blocks and scope whereas imperative programming may have or not have these features.
Languages used in Procedural Programming:
There are several programming languages that promote the Procedural Programming paradigm, which is as follows:
Python: Python is a high-level programming language that promotes the concept of a procedural programming paradigm.
Java: Java is also a high-level programming language that is Object-Oriented Programming that also allows procedural programming.
Swift: Swift is a high-level programming language that is used to create Apple applications that also allow procedural programming.
PHP: PHP is a server scripting language that is Object-Oriented Programming but also allows procedural programming.
Procedural Programming vs Object-Oriented Programming
The objective of procedural programming is to break down a program into a collection of variables, data structures whereas the main aim of object-oriented programming is to break down a programming task into objects. In simple words, procedural programming uses procedures to operate on data structures, while object-oriented uses objects for the purpose.
Below are some of the differences between procedural and object-oriented programming:
Parameters
Procedural Programming
Object-oriented Programming
Focus
Process and functions
Data and classes
Maintenance
Not easy to maintain
Easy to maintain
Modification Maintenance
Difficult to find and maintain sub-procedures
Easy maintenance and modification of existing code
Development Time
Increased due to complexity
Reduced due to easy maintenance
Speed
Slower compared to object-oriented
Faster and more effective
Constructs
Procedures, modules, procedure calls
Objects, classes, messages
Priority
Procedure-focused
Data-focused
Reusability
Designs cannot be reused and recycled
Designs can be reused throughout the program
Issue Resolution
Issues need to be addressed individually
Objects and classes can be referenced throughout the program
Data Hiding
Not possible
Possible, providing more security than procedural
Operator Overloading
Not allowed
Allowed
Inheritance
Not applicable
One of the main concepts along with Abstraction, Encapsulation, and Polymorphism
Connection
Parts connected via parameter passing
Functions of objects connected via message passing
No, OOP is not inherently faster than procedural. Performance depends on implementation, language, and optimization rather than programming paradigm.
Is Python a pop or OOP?
Python is a multi-paradigm language, supporting both procedural (POP) and object-oriented (OOP) programming, making it versatile for various tasks.
What are the 4 basics of OOP?
The four basics of OOP are Encapsulation (data and methods bundling), Abstraction (modeling essential characteristics), Inheritance (creating new classes), and Polymorphism (common superclass behavior).
Conclusion
We hope this article was informative and helped you gain more insights about difference between Procedural and Object -Oriented Programming. To explore more articles, visit our blog page today.
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