Introduction
Database refers to a structured and organized collection of data. Two of the most popular databases in modern applications include MongoDB and SQL. In this article, we will compare MongoDB vs SQL based on differences in their data models, schema design, query language, and other key factors.

The databases are mainly divided into two categories SQL and NoSQL databases. SQL databases are relational databases that store information in specified tables.
On the other hand, NoSQL databases are databases that do not require predefined schema but use non-tabular data models. One such NoSQL database is MongoDB. This article will discuss the critical differences between MongoDB and SQL. But first, let us study briefly about each of them in detail.
MongoDB Database
Mongodb is a popular NoSQL database management system. Unlike standard relational databases, MongoDB stores data as JSON-like documents rather than tables. Each document in a collection can have a different structure which allows the more accessible storage of data that has varying formats.

One of the important advantages of MongoDB is its ability to scale efficiently. In MongoDB, we can add more servers to handle traffic or large data volumes easily. MongoDB uses a sharding architecture to distribute data across multiple servers, ensuring high availability and increased database fault tolerance.
Sharding is a strategy to store data across multiple servers instead of a single server to improve scalability and higher fault tolerance. The data is divided into smaller portions called shards stored on separate servers. Sharding allows to increase the scalability and increase fault tolerance.

Some of the promising features of MongoDB are given below.
-
Flexibility - MongoDB stores data in a JSON-like structure, increasing the data's flexibility. The data's design can be changed dynamically whenever required.
-
Open Source and Free to use - MongoDB server can be downloaded on any local system for free. Moreover, we can also deploy it on the cloud using MongoDB Atlas. MongoDB provides essential storage of 500 MB, which students can use freely.
-
Horizontal Scalability - As discussed in the previous section, MongoDB provides horizontal scaling. This means that we can use multiple servers to handle large amounts of traffic and increase the fault tolerance of a system.
-
Security Features - MongoDB provides users with many security features like authentication, authorization, encryption, etc., to protect the data from unauthorized access.
- Community - MongoDB is a popular database with a large user community, making resolving queries for new people easy. It also provides many other features like MongoDB Atlas, Compass, etc.