Introduction
If you're delving into the world of Java, you've probably come across terms like 'process' and 'thread'. These concepts form the backbone of concurrent programming, a critical topic in Java, and understanding their difference is crucial for any Java developer.

Let's explore these two terms and understand how they impact your programs.
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What is a Process?
In the simplest terms, a process is a program in execution. Each process has its own memory space, including the heap and stack memory. Consider it as a separate entity entirely. The Operating System manages these processes, deciding when they run and managing their resources. Here's an example of starting a new process in Java:
Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("notepad.exe");
The above code starts a new process that opens Notepad.
What is a Thread?
A thread, on the other hand, is the smallest unit of execution within a process. If a process is a program in action, a thread is a pathway through which the program runs. A single process can have multiple threads, all sharing the same memory space. This shared memory model enables threads to communicate with each other more easily compared to processes. Below is an example of creating a new thread in Java:
Thread thread = new Thread(){
public void run(){
System.out.println("Thread Running");
}
};
thread.start();
The run method contains the code that the thread will execute.