Return Void and Multiple Values from Function in Carbon

Auto Type Return Value

Auto is a type of Name-binding declaration function in Carbon. We can use auto to assign the variable type automatically. It can also be combined with var or let or as function return types.

Let's take an example to understand this auto in a better way.

package NinjaTest api;

fn Main() -> i32 {
  	var s: auto = "Hey Ninjas"; // Auto Variable
  	let x: i32 = 23; // Constant
  	var y: i32 = 6; // Integer variable
  	Print(s); // Print
  	return 0; //Return value
}

Output:

Returning multiple values is the next topic in our "Return Void and Multiple Values from Function in Carbon" blog. 

Return Multiple Values

Here we will discuss the functions that return multiple values.

Tuple

A tuple is a collection of items with a definite size and a range of possible types, where each value is identified by its place in the collection. Tuples are used to store multiple data in a single variable. An example use of tuples is to return multiple values from a function.

Let's take an example for better understanding.

package NinjaTest api;

fn Main() -> i32 {
    var x: auto = (0, 1, 4, 9, 0); // Tuple
    Print("{0}", x[3]);
    return x[3];
}

Output:

In the above example, ‘x’ is a tuple with multiple coordinates. We can access them using the index.

Struct type

Structural types help you identify members using their name rather than their index or position. They are declared within curly braces var name. For example,

• Struct type example: {.name: String, .count: i32}
   
• Struct value example: {.name = "Ninja", .count = 5}
   

package NinjaTest api;

fn Main() -> i32 {
  var test: auto = {.x_axis = 0, .y_axis = 1};
  test = {.x_axis = 10, .y_axis = -10};
  var result: i32 = test.x_axis * test.x_axis + test.y_axis * test.y_axis;
  Print("Result : {0}", result);
  return 0;
}

Output:

In the above code, 

• We have declared the main function in line 1.
   
• Then, we created a variable test and assigned the values to it.
   
• Next, we added the product of both variables.
   
• At last, we printed the result.
   

The last topic of our "Return Void and Multiple Values from Function in Carbon" blog is - Return Void Function in Carbon.

Return Void Function in Carbon

Now, let's check an example of the void function in carbon that returns nothing.

package NinjaTest api;
 
fn Subtract(var a: i32, var b: i32) -> i32 {
    return a - b;
}

fn Count(var count: i32) {
    Print("The count is {0}", count);
}

fn Main() -> i32 {
    Print("Difference is {0}", Subtract(6, 3));
    Count(5);
    return 0;
}

Output:

In the above code,

• We have defined a function that will return an integer value: the difference between two numbers.
   
• In the next part, an empty or void return type will return nothing, as you can see in the above example.
   
• The last one is the Main method, from where the program starts running.

Frequently Asked Questions

What language is Carbon from?

A new programming language called Carbon was revealed this year. It is a systems language that was first introduced on 19 July by Chandler Carruth. He is a software engineer at Google, at the CppNorth conference in Canada. Carbon can act as a successor to C++ while it is still in the testing stage.

How can we compile Carbon on windows?

You can use compiler explorer to compile carbon language on windows or install LLVM on windows and then set up the carbon environment.

Is Carbon an Object-Oriented Language?

Carbon has support for Object Oriented Programming, just like C++.

Where can I get all the information about Carbon Language?

You can refer to the official documentation or keep an eye out for blogs from CodingNinjas.

What is the difference between Carbon and C++?

Carbon contains all the functionality of C++, but the inverse is invalid. The declarations start with the introducer keywords example, functions with fn, and variables with var. Imports in Carbon are more like the C++ modules.

Conclusion

In this article, we discussed the topic of return void and multiple values from function in Carbon. We started with the introduction of the return statement, and then we discussed the auto function, tuples, struct type, and returning empty functions.

We hope this blog has helped you enhance your knowledge of the Return Void and Multiple Values from Function in Carbon. If you want to learn more, then check out our articles.

• Program to find if the number is even or odd
• Find if a number is Armstrong in Carbon
• Jump Statements in Carbon
• Ternary Operator in C
   

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