Introduction
The Spring Framework is an application and inversion of a control container for the Java platform. Any Java application can use its core features, but these are extensions for creating web applications on top of the Java EE (Enterprise Edition) platform. It does not impose any specific programming model and has become popular in the Java community as an addition to the JavaBeans (EJB) model. The Spring Framework is open source.
Click on the following link to read further: Java OOPs Interview Questions and Operating System Interview Questions
Spring Boot is an open-source Java framework for developing Micro Services. Pivotal Team created Spring Boot, which provides a faster and easier way to set up, configure, and run both simple and web-based applications. It combines Spring Framework and Embedded Servers. Spring Boot's major purpose is to reduce development, unit test, and integration test time, and there is no demand for XML configuration with Spring Boot.
Let's get started with Spring Boot Interview Questions!
Spring Boot Interview Questions For Freshers
Let us now read a set of spring boot interview questions and answers for freshers, which will surely help you crack your dream job:
1. What is a Spring boot?
Sprint boot is the Java-based spring framework used for Rapid Apps Development (to build standalone microservices). It has extra support for auto-configuration and embedded application servers like jetty, tomcat, etc.
2. Explain the advantages of using Spring Boot?
The advantages are as follows:
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We don't need to write XML configuration; only a few annotations are required to complete the configuration
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Easy to understand and develop spring applications
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Increases productivity and reduces development time
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Minimum configuration
- Spring Boot is an existing framework with the addition of the embedded HTTP server and annotation configuration, making it easier to understand and faster the development process
3. Write some features of Spring Boot?
A few features of Spring Boot are given below:
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Spring CLI allows you to use Groovy to write Spring boot applications and avoid boilerplate code
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Starter Dependency – It aggregates common dependencies together and eventually improves the productivity
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Auto-Configuration – This Spring Boot feature helps you load the default configurations according to the project you are working on. In this way, we can avoid any unnecessary WAR files
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Spring Initializer is a web application that can create an internal project structure. So, you need not have to manually set up the project structure, and you can use this feature
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Spring Actuator – This feature helps while running Spring Boot applications
- Logging and Security – The security and logging feature of Spring ensures that all the applications made using Spring Boot are adequately secured without any hassle
4. What is meant by the RAD model?
The RAD(Rapid Application Development) model is a software development process that prioritizes rapid prototyping and speedy development over extensive planning and design phases. It emphasizes iterative development and close collaboration with end-users to quickly produce a functional software product.
5. What are the distinct phases involved in the RAD (Rapid Application Development) model?
There are various phases that are involved in the RAD model:
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Business Modeling: Identifying the needs and objectives of the project
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Data Modeling: Creating data models to represent the system's data
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Process Modeling: Defining system processes and workflows
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Application Generation: Rapidly building the software using tools and techniques
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Testing and Turnover: Rigorous testing and user feedback to refine the application
- Cutover: Deploying the application into the production environment
6. How can I start a Spring Boot executable JAR file?
You can start a Spring Boot executable JAR by running the java -jar command followed by the JAR file's name.
For example: java -jar myapp.jar.
7. What are the Spring Boot starters, and what are available starters?
Spring starters are a set of convenient dependency management providers that can enable dependencies in the application. These starters make development fast and rapid. All the available starters come under the organization's spring framework.boot group. A few of the famous starters are as follows:
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Spring-boot-starter: – This is one of the core starters that includes logging, auto-configuration support, and YAML
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Spring-boot-starter-JDBC – This is used for the HikariCP connection pool with JDBC
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Spring-boot-starter-web – This is the starter used for building web applications, including RESTful apps using Spring MVC
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Spring-boot-starter-data-JPA – This is the starter to use Spring Data JPA and Hibernate
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Spring-boot-starter-security – It is used for Spring Security
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spring-boot-starter-aop: This is used for aspect-oriented programming with AspectJ and Spring AOP
- Spring-boot-starter-test: This is the starter for testing Spring Boot applications
8. What is Thymeleaf in Spring Boot?
The Java-based server-side template engine offers elegant and natural temps for a web application.
9. What Spring Boot supports embedded containers?
Spring Boot supports three embedded containers:
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Tomcat (used by default)
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Undertow
- Jetty
10. How to deploy spring boot applications in tomcat?
Whenever you create your spring boot application and run it, Spring boot will automatically detect the embedded tomcat server and deploy your application on tomcat.
After the successful execution of your application, you will be able to launch your rest endpoints and get a response.
11. What is Spring Actuator, and write its advantages?
Spring Actuator is one of the cool feature of Spring Boot, with the help of which you can easily see what is running inside a running application. So, when you want to debug your application and analyze the logs, you need to understand what is happening in the application. In such a scenario, the Spring Actuator provides easy access to the features such as identifying beans, CPU usage, etc. The Spring Actuator provides an effortless way to access the production-ready REST points and helps to fetch all information from the web. These points are secured using Security's content negotiation strategy.
12. What is Spring Boot dependency management?
Spring Boot dependency management is used for managing dependencies and configuration automatically without need for specifying the version for any of those dependencies.
13. Can you disable particular auto-configuration in spring boot? Explain how?
Yes, we can do that by
- Using the exclude attribute of @EnableAutoConfiguration
@Configuration
@EnableAutoConfiguration(exclude={DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class})
public class CustomConfiguration {}
- using the exclude attribute for @SpringBootApplication annotation
@SpringBootApplication(exclude= DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class)
public class CustomApplication {}14. Can Spring Boot be used to creating non-web applications?
Yes, Spring Boot supports both web and non-web applications. We must remove these web dependencies from the classpath and the application context to create the non-web application.
15. Explain how to use thymeleaf?
Thymeleaf is a server-side Java engine used for web applications. It aims to bring a template for your web application and can integrate well with the Spring Framework and HTML5 Java web applications. To use Thymeleaf, you must add the following code in the pom.xml file.
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency> 16. What does the @SpringBootApplication annotation do?
The @SpringBootApplication annotation is the same as using @Configuration, @EnableAutoConfiguration, and @ComponentScan with default attributes. Spring Boot enables the developer to use any single annotation instead of multiple. But, as we know, Spring provided very loosely coupled features so that we can use them for each annotation per our project needs.
17. What is the purpose of using @ComponentScan in the class files?
It scanned all the beans and package declarations when we initiated the application. We need to add the @ComponentScan for your class file to scan the components added to your project.
18. How does a spring boot application get started?
Like any other Java program, a Spring Boot application has a main method. This method is an entry point that invokes the SpringApplication#run method to bootstrap the application.
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MyApplication.class);
// other statements
}
}
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