Flip-flops continue to maintain their state until they are triggered by an input pulse. A trigger causes the flip-flop outputs to change state in accordance with defined rules and remain in those states until the next trigger. A flip-flop circuit can have several different types of designators, including T Flip flop, SR Flip Flop, JK Flip Flop, and D Flip Flop. Let's discuss the T Flip Flop in this blog.
What is T Flip Flop?
Its defining characteristic is its ability to change its output state. The T Flip-Flop is a synchronous device. You switch from one state (high) to the other state (low) when you toggle.
T flip-flops are edge-triggered devices. It is also named toggle flip flop because of its toggling capability. JK flip-flops are modified versions of this device. When we connect J and K inputs, we create a T input. That's why a T flip flop is also known as a JK flip flop with a single input.
Construction of T Flip Flop
T flip-flops can be constructed the simplest of all with a JK flip-flop. It consists of two inputs, J and K, connected. The logic circuit of a T flip–flop is given below:
We can design a T Flip Flop with the help of three methods:
SR Flip-Flop
D Flip-Flop
JK Flip-Flop
Using SR Flip-Flop
You can construct it by feeding AND gates to NOR gates SR latches. In each AND gate, the input is fed back with the output.
To make this work, connect S to the output of a two-input AND gate, which is provided by input T. The R input should now be connected to the output of a two-input AND gate which is provided by T input.
Using D Flip-Flop
The previous state of O is the XOR with the input T. Next state of O is given at the input D.
The state will remain the same when T=0, D=O at every positive edge.
T=1, D=O, and both remain unchanged during the positive edge clock.
At T=0, the state is retained, but when T=1, it is toggled.
Using JK Flip Flop
As shown below, we can create a logic circuit for a single bit toggle flip-flop by connecting the J and K data inputs. The common point at the connection point between the two inputs is named T.
Truth Table of T flip flop
Truth tables illustrate how an output of a logic circuit responds to varying combinations of inputs. It is necessary to set the clock signal high to toggle the output. No matter how high or low the input signal is, the output remains the same when the clock is set low. The clock signal must be high to change the output condition.
Here is the truth table for the T Flip flop in reference to the JK flip flop.
Clock
T
O(n+1)
0(↓)
x
On
Memory
1(↑)
0
On
Memory
1(↑)
1
O’
Toggle
Case 1: Now, if the clock is low(0), then the flip flop will not function, which is why the state will be stored, which means that whatever the value of T, our output will be On(memory).
Case 2: As long as the clock is set to high(1), then J in this scenario will be 0, and K will be 0 as well, so the output will be On whenever this occurs.
Case 3: A toggle action will happen when the clock is high(1) and J = 1, K = 1, which is the case when the clock is high(1) and J = 1, K = 1.
Characteristic Table of T Flip Flop
The Characteristics Table identifies the next state of the flip-flop given the current state and input. Characteristic table can only be derived from the truth table:
On
T
O(n+1)
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
In this, there is a single output, i.e., O(n+1)(next state), which is dependent upon the On(present state) as well as the input. A single output is generated, called O(n+1)(next state), which is determined by inputs and the present state.
So we have concluded that:
O(n+1) = T’O + TO’
O(n+1) = T XOR O
O(n+1) = T ⊕ O
Excitation Table of T Flip Flop
An Excitation Table defines flip-flop input variables based on the current and next states. Excitation table can only be calculated if you have the characteristic table.
On
O(n+1)
T
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
The excitation input T = 0 is required for the state transition from On = 0 to O(n+1) = 0.
When On = 0 and On+1 = 1, the input required for excitation is T = 1.
For input T = 1, the state transit from On = 1 to O(n+1) = 0.
When T=0, the state transition is from On = 1 to O(n+1) = 1.FAQ’s
Write some applications of T Flip Flop. Some applications are: → In addition to their use in binary counters, they are also used in shift registers. → These circuits divide the frequency of periodic waveforms. → A Flip-Flop can be used as a digital counter, counting pulses or events.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of T Flip Flop? Here are the advantages and disadvantages: Advantage: It has two inputs toggle and a clock input. They are good for counters because the values get complimented when the clock is triggered. Disadvantage: The state can only be determined if the previous state is known and devices are not available as integrated circuits.
What is the difference between JK flip-flop and T flip-flop? When both inputs are set to 1, the JK flip flop functions as a T-type toggle flip flop. Clocked JK flip flops are an improvement upon SR flip flops. Despite this, their "race" problem still exists. A timing pulse is deactivated before the output Q changes its state.
Key Takeaways
This blog has given us a general overview of T Flip Flop. In this lesson, we learned how to design a T Flip Flop by combining SR Flip Flop, D Flip Flop, and JK Flip Flop. Following that, we saw the truth table, characteristic table, and excitation table for this T Flip Flop. Thank you for reading, and I hope you find this helpful.
You can also learn more about the other courses, such as Web Development and Data Structures, through our coding ninjas' guided paths.
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