Problem of the day
You are given a ‘Binary Tree’.
Return the preorder traversal of the Binary Tree.
Input: Consider the following Binary Tree:
Output:
Following is the preorder traversal of the given Binary Tree: [1, 2, 5, 3, 6, 4]
The only line contains elements in the level order form. The line consists of values of nodes separated by a single space. In case a node is null, we take -1 in its place.
For example, the input for the tree depicted in the below image will be:
1
2 3
4 -1 5 6
-1 7 -1 -1 -1 -1
-1 -1
Explanation :
Level 1 :
The root node of the tree is 1
Level 2 :
Left child of 1 = 2
Right child of 1 = 3
Level 3 :
Left child of 2 = 4
Right child of 2 = null (-1)
Left child of 3 = 5
Right child of 3 = 6
Level 4 :
Left child of 4 = null (-1)
Right child of 4 = 7
Left child of 5 = null (-1)
Right child of 5 = null (-1)
Left child of 6 = null (-1)
Right child of 6 = null (-1)
Level 5 :
Left child of 7 = null (-1)
Right child of 7 = null (-1)
The first not-null node(of the previous level) is treated as the parent of the first two nodes of the current level. The second not-null node (of the previous level) is treated as the parent node for the next two nodes of the current level and so on.
The input ends when all nodes at the last level are null(-1).
The sequence will be put together in a single line separated by a single space. Hence, for the above-depicted tree, the input will be given as:
1 2 3 4 -1 5 6 -1 7 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1
Return an array representing the preorder traversal of the given binary tree.
You do not need to print anything; it has already been taken care of. Just implement the given function.
1 2 3 5 4 6 7 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1
1 2 5 4 3 6 7
The Binary Tree given in the input is as follows:
5 6 10 2 3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 9 -1 -1
5 6 2 3 9 10
The Binary Tree given in the input is as follows:
Try to do this in O(n).
1 <= n <= 100000
where 'n' is the number of nodes in the binary tree.
Time Limit: 1 sec
What is the order of visiting in preorder traversal?
Approach:
In preorder traversal of a binary tree, we visit the current node, then the left subtree and finally the right subtree. So we can recursively solve this problem by storing the value of current node then visiting the left subtree then the right subtree.
The steps are as follows:
function preOrderHelper(TreeNode<int>* cur, vector<int> path)
function preOrder(TreeNode<int>* root)
O(N), where ‘N’ is the number of nodes in the tree.
We visit all the nodes present in the binary tree.
Hence, the time complexity is O(N).
O(N), where ‘N’ is the number of nodes in the tree.
In the case of a degenerate tree, the depth of the recursion tree will be ‘N’, and stack space used will be in the order of O(N).
Hence, the space complexity is O(N).