100+ Quantitative Aptitude Questions – Answers & Explanation

Quantitative aptitude is a critical skill that plays a significant role in various competitive exams and job placement tests. It measures your numerical ability, logical reasoning, and problem-solving skills. Mastering quantitative aptitude is crucial for college students and freshers looking to secure their first job. 

This article aims to provide a comprehensive guide to understanding and solving quantitative aptitude questions effectively.

What is Quantitative Aptitude?

Quantitative Aptitude is a crucial component of many competitive exams and job interviews, especially for freshers entering the job market. But what exactly is Quantitative Aptitude? Simply put, it’s a measure of your ability to understand and solve mathematical problems quickly and accurately. It tests your skills in areas such as arithmetic, algebra, geometry, and data interpretation.

Quantitative Aptitude Questions and Answers PDF

For college students and recent graduates, excelling in Quantitative Aptitude can be a game-changer in their job search. Many companies use quantitative aptitude tests as a screening tool to assess candidates’ analytical skills and problem-solving skills. Therefore, understanding and mastering the topics of Quantitative Aptitude is essential for anyone looking to start their career on a strong footing.

Topics of Quantitative Aptitude

To excel in Quantitative Aptitude, it’s crucial to have a solid grasp of its core topics. Here’s a comprehensive list of the most common topics you’re likely to encounter:

1. Number Systems
2. Arithmetic (including percentages, profit, and loss, time, and work)
3. Algebra
4. Geometry
5. Mensuration
6. Trigonometry
7. Statistics and Probability
8. Data Interpretation
9. Time and Distance
10. Permutations and Combinations

Each of these topics plays a vital role in aptitude tests. Let’s delve deeper into some of these areas and explore how to approach them effectively.

100 Quantitative Aptitude Questions and Answers for Freshers

Here are 100 quantitative aptitude questions and answers, along with brief explanations of the process used to solve them. This comprehensive list covers various topics and will serve as an excellent practice resource.

Number Series

1. Find the next number in the series: 2, 4, 8, 16,…? Answer: 32 (Each number is multiplied by 2)
2. Find the next number in the series: 5, 10, 15, 20,…? Answer: 25 (Each number increases by 5)
3. Find the next number in the series: 1, 4, 9, 16,…? Answer: 25 (Squares of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
4. Find the next number in the series: 3, 6, 18, 72,…? Answer: 360 (Multiplying by 2, 3, 4, 5)
5. Find the next number in the series: 7, 14, 28, 56,….? Answer: 112 (Each number is multiplied by 2)

Arithmetic Operations

1. What is 25% of 200? Answer: 50 (25% of 200 is 200 × 0.25)
2. What is the square root of 144? Answer: 12 (12 × 12 = 144)
3. What is the sum of the first 10 natural numbers? Answer: 55 (Sum = n(n+1)/2 = 10(10+1)/2) 
4. What is 15% of 300? Answer: 45 (15% of 300 is 300 × 0.15)
5. What is the product of 7 and 8? Answer: 56 (7 × 8 = 56)

Simple and Compound Interest

1. Find the simple interest on ₹1000 at 5% per annum for 2 years. Answer: ₹100 (SI = PRT/100 = 1000 × 5 × 2 / 100)
2. Find the compound interest on ₹1500 at 4% per annum for 3 years. Answer: ₹187.14 (CI = P(1 + R/100)^T – P)
3. What is the amount after 2 years if the principal is ₹2000 at 6% p.a. simple interest? Answer: ₹2240 (Amount = P + SI = 2000 + (2000 × 6 × 2 / 100))
4. Calculate the compound interest on ₹1000 at 10% per annum for 2 years. Answer: ₹210 (CI = 1000(1 + 10/100)^2 – 1000)
5. Find the amount after 1 year if the principal is ₹5000 at 8% p.a. compound interest. Answer: ₹5400 (Amount = P(1 + R/100)^T)

Profit and Loss

1. A man buys an article for ₹200 and sells it for ₹250. Find his profit percentage. Answer: 25% (Profit% = (Profit/Cost Price) × 100)
2. If a product costs ₹500 and is sold at a loss of 10%, find the selling price. Answer: ₹450 (SP = CP – (Loss% of CP))
3. A shopkeeper sells a pen for ₹20 with a profit of 25%. Find the cost price. Answer: ₹16 (CP = SP / (1 + Profit%))
4. If a product is sold for ₹80 at a 20% loss, what is the cost price? Answer: ₹100 (CP = SP / (1 – Loss%))
5. Find the selling price if the cost price is ₹150 and the profit is 30%. Answer: ₹195 (SP = CP + (Profit% of CP))

Ratios and Proportions

1. Divide ₹1000 between A and B in the ratio of 3:2. Answer: A = ₹600, B = ₹400 (Total parts = 3+2=5; A = 1000×3/5, B = 1000×2/5)
2. If 3x = 6y, find the ratio of x to y. Answer: 2:1 (x/y = 6/3 = 2/1)
3. The ratio of ages of A and B is 4:3. If A is 24 years old, find the age of B. Answer: 18 years (A/B = 4/3, B = 24×3/4)
4. In a mixture, the ratio of milk to water is 5:3. If there are 8 liters of water, find the amount of milk. Answer: 13.33 liters (Milk = 8×5/3)
5. A recipe requires ingredients in the ratio 2:3:5. If you have 6 parts of the first ingredient, how much of the third ingredient is needed? Answer: 15 parts (Ratio is maintained as 2:5 for first and third ingredients)

Time, Speed, and Distance

1. If a car travels at 60 km/hr for 3 hours, how far does it go? Answer: 180 km (Distance = Speed × Time)
2. A train travels 240 km in 4 hours. What is its speed? Answer: 60 km/hr (Speed = Distance/Time)
3. How long will it take to travel 150 km at a speed of 50 km/hr? Answer: 3 hours (Time = Distance/Speed)
4. If a person walks at 4 km/hr, how long will it take to walk 12 km? Answer: 3 hours (Time = Distance/Speed)
5. A car travels 90 km at 30 km/hr and another 60 km at 20 km/hr. Find the average speed. Answer: 24 km/hr (Average Speed = Total Distance / Total Time)

Work and Time

1. If A can do a job in 5 days and B can do it in 10 days, how long will it take for both to complete it together? Answer: 3.33 days (1/A + 1/B = 1/Total Time)
2. A can finish a task in 8 days, and B can finish it in 12 days. If they work together, how long will it take? Answer: 4.8 days (1/A + 1/B = 1/Total Time)
3. If 6 workers can build a wall in 10 days, how long will it take 15 workers to build it? Answer: 4 days (More workers, less time; use inverse proportion)
4. A can do a job in 15 days, and B can do it in 20 days. How many days will it take for them to complete it together? Answer: 8.57 days (1/A + 1/B = 1/Total Time)
5. If 12 men can complete a work in 18 days, how long will it take 8 men to complete it? Answer: 27 days (Use inverse proportion)

Permutations and Combinations

1. How many ways can you arrange the letters in the word “CAT”? Answer: 6 ways (3! = 6)
2. How many ways can 4 books be arranged on a shelf? Answer: 24 ways (4! = 24)
3. How many combinations of 3 items can be selected from 5? Answer: 10 ways (5C3 = 5! / (3!(5-3)!)
4. How many permutations of 4 items can be selected from 6? Answer: 360 ways (6P4 = 6! / (6-4)!)
5. In how many ways can a committee of 3 be formed from 7 people? Answer: 35 ways (7C3 = 7! / (3!(7-3)!)

Percentages

1. What is 20% of 150? Answer: 30 (20% of 150 is 150 × 0.2)
2. If a number increases from 50 to 70, what is the percentage increase? Answer: 40% (Increase = (New Number – Original Number) / Original Number × 100)
3. What is 60% of 250? Answer: 150 (60% of 250 is 250 × 0.6)
4. If a product’s price decreases from ₹200 to ₹150, what is the percentage decrease? Answer: 25% (Decrease = (Original Number – New Number) / Original Number × 100)
5. What is 75% of 320? Answer: 240 (75% of 320 is 320 × 0.75)

Geometry

1. Find the area of a rectangle with a length of 5 cm and a width of 3 cm. Answer: 15 cm² (Area = Length × Width)
2. Find the perimeter of a square with a side length of 4 cm. Answer: 16 cm (Perimeter = 4 × Side Length)
3. Find the area of a circle with a radius of 7 cm. Answer: 154 cm² (Area = πr², use π = 22/7)
4. Find the circumference of a circle with a diameter of 10 cm. Answer: 31.4 cm (Circumference = πd, use π = 3.14)
5. Find the volume of a cube with a side length of 3 cm. Answer: 27 cm³ (Volume = Side³)

Algebra

1. Solve for x: 2x + 3 = 7. Answer: x = 2 (2x = 4, x = 4/2)
2. Solve for y: 3y – 5 = 10. Answer: y = 5 (3y = 15, y = 15/3)
3. Solve for x: x² – 9 = 0. Answer: x = 3 or x = -3 (x² = 9, x = ±3)
4. Solve for x: 4x + 7 = 19. Answer: x = 3 (4x = 12, x = 12/4)
5. Solve for y: y/2 + 4 = 10. Answer: y = 12 (y/2 = 6, y = 6×2)

Trigonometry

1. Find sin(30°). Answer: 0.5 (Standard trigonometric value)
2. Find cos(60°). Answer: 0.5 (Standard trigonometric value)
3. Find tan(45°). Answer: 1 (Standard trigonometric value)
4. If sin(θ) = 0.5, find θ. Answer: 30° (Inverse sine function)
5. Find cos(0°). Answer: 1 (Standard trigonometric value)

Probability

1. What is the probability of rolling a 3 on a 6-sided die? Answer: 1/6 (One favorable outcome out of 6 possible outcomes)
2. What is the probability of flipping heads on a coin? Answer: 1/2 (One favorable outcome out of 2 possible outcomes)
3. What is the probability of drawing an ace from a standard deck of 52 cards? Answer: 1/13 (4 aces out of 52 cards)
4. What is the probability of rolling an even number on a 6-sided die? Answer: 1/2 (3 favorable outcomes out of 6 possible outcomes)
5. What is the probability of picking a red card from a standard deck of 52 cards? Answer: 1/2 (26 red cards out of 52)

Miscellaneous

1. Convert 0.75 to a fraction. Answer: 3/4 (0.75 = 75/100 = 3/4)
2. Convert 0.25 to a percentage. Answer: 25% (0.25 × 100)
3. What is the decimal equivalent of 1/8? Answer: 0.125 (Divide 1 by 8)
4. Convert 45% to a decimal. Answer: 0.45 (45/100)
5. What is 7/10 as a percentage? Answer: 70% (7/10 × 100)

Logical Reasoning

1. If all cats are animals, and some animals are pets, can some cats be pets? Answer: Yes (Some overlap in categories)
2. If A is taller than B, and B is taller than C, who is the tallest? Answer: A (Based on the given order)
3. If the sequence is ABC, DEF, GHI, what comes next? Answer: JKL (Alphabetical sequence)
4. If all squares are rectangles, and all rectangles have four sides, do all squares have four sides? Answer: Yes (Logical conclusion)
5. If every person in a room shakes hands with every other person exactly once, how many handshakes occur in a room of 4 people? Answer: 6 (n(n-1)/2 for n = 4)

Word Problems

1. If a car travels 100 km in 2 hours, what is its speed? Answer: 50 km/hr (Speed = Distance/Time)
2. A person bought 3 apples at ₹1 each and 2 oranges at ₹1.5 each. What is the total cost? Answer: ₹6 (3×1 + 2×1.5)
3. If a train leaves the station at 9 AM and travels 200 km at 50 km/hr, what time does it arrive? Answer: 1 PM (Time taken = 200/50 = 4 hours)
4. If a piece of cloth costs ₹5 per meter, how much does 20 meters cost? Answer: ₹100 (5 × 20)
5. If a job takes 12 hours for one person to complete, how long will it take for 3 people to complete it together? Answer: 4 hours (Work divided among 3 people)

Puzzles

1. If you have 2 coins that add up to 30 cents and one of them is not a nickel, what are the coins? Answer: A quarter and a nickel (One is not a nickel, but the other can be)
2. What is the next number in the series: 1, 4, 9, 16,…? Answer: 25 (Squares of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
3. If a farmer has 17 sheep and all but 9 die, how many are left? Answer: 9 (All but 9 die)
4. If you take 3 apples from a basket of 10, how many apples do you have? Answer: 3 (You have the apples you took)
5. A man is twice as old as his son. 20 years ago, he was 12 times as old as his son. How old is the son now? Answer: 23 (Solve the equations: Father’s age = 2 × Son’s age; 20 years ago, Father = 12 × Son)

Data Interpretation

1. If the bar graph shows sales of ₹200, ₹300, ₹250 for three months, what is the total sales? Answer: ₹750 (Sum of all sales)
2. If a pie chart shows 25% for product A, what fraction of the whole does this represent? Answer: 1/4 (25% = 25/100 = 1/4)
3. If the line graph shows a 10% increase each month from an initial value of 100, what is the value after 3 months? Answer: 133.1 (Use compound interest formula)
4. If a table shows expenses of ₹500, ₹600, and ₹700 for three quarters, what is the average expense? Answer: ₹600 (Sum/Number of items = 1800/3)
5. If the histogram shows frequencies of 5, 10, and 15 for three categories, what is the total frequency? Answer: 30 (Sum of all frequencies)

Sequences and Series

1. Find the 5th term of the arithmetic sequence 2, 5, 8, 11,…? Answer: 14 (Add common difference 3)
2. Find the 6th term of the geometric sequence 3, 9, 27,…? Answer: 729 (Multiply by common ratio 3)
3. Find the sum of the first 10 terms of the arithmetic sequence 1, 3, 5, 7,…? Answer: 100 (Use sum formula S = n/2(2a + (n-1)d))
4. Find the sum of the first 4 terms of the geometric sequence 1, 2, 4, 8,…? Answer: 15 (Sum of 1, 2, 4, 8)
5. Find the nth term of the arithmetic sequence 4, 8, 12, 16,…? Answer: 4n (General term is a + (n-1)d)

Mixtures and Allegations

1. If 3 liters of a 20% solution is mixed with 2 liters of a 30% solution, what is the concentration of the new mixture? Answer: 24% (Use weighted average method)
2. If 2 kg of sugar costing ₹5/kg is mixed with 3 kg costing ₹6/kg, what is the cost per kg of the mixture? Answer: ₹5.6/kg (Use weighted average method)
3. If 4 liters of water is added to 1 liter of a 50% alcohol solution, what is the new concentration? Answer: 10% (Calculate total volume and percentage)
4. If 2 kg of rice costing ₹10/kg is mixed with 3 kg costing ₹15/kg, what is the cost per kg of the mixture? Answer: ₹13/kg (Use weighted average method)
5. If 3 liters of a 25% solution is mixed with 2 liters of a 35% solution, what is the concentration of the new mixture? Answer: 28% (Use weighted average method)

How to Solve Quantitative Aptitude Questions?

Solving Quantitative Aptitude questions efficiently requires a combination of knowledge, strategy, and practice. Here are some key tips to help you tackle these questions effectively:

• Understand the Basics: Ensure you have a strong foundation in basic mathematical concepts. Review fundamental formulas and principles regularly.
• Practice Regularly: Consistent practice is key to improving your speed and accuracy. Solve a variety of questions daily to familiarize yourself with different problem types.
• Develop Mental Math Skills: Work on your mental calculation abilities to save time during tests.
• Learn Shortcuts: Many quantitative aptitude questions can be solved using shortcuts or tricks. Learn and practice these to improve your speed.
• Analyze Your Mistakes: When you get a question wrong, don’t just move on. Understand why you made the mistake and how to avoid it in the future.
• Time Management: Practice solving questions under timed conditions to improve your speed and accuracy simultaneously.
• Read the Question Carefully: Many mistakes happen due to misreading the question. Pay close attention to the given information and what the question is asking.
• Eliminate Wrong Answers: In multiple-choice questions, you can often rule out one or two incorrect options, improving your chances of selecting the right answer.

Importance of Quantitative Aptitude in Fresher’s Career

Excelling in quantitative aptitude not only helps you clear job interviews but also provides a strong foundation for your future career. Many roles in finance, data analysis, engineering, and even management require strong quantitative skills. By mastering these skills early in your career, you set yourself up for long-term success.

Moreover, the problem-solving and analytical thinking skills you develop while practicing quantitative aptitude questions are transferable to many aspects of your professional life. They can help you make data-driven decisions, analyze complex situations, and approach problems systematically.

Mastering quantitative aptitude is a journey that requires dedication, practice, and the right strategies. By understanding the core topics, practicing regularly, and applying the tips and techniques discussed in this article, you can significantly improve your performance in quantitative aptitude tests.

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FAQs on Quantitative Aptitude Questions and Answers

What is Quantitative Aptitude and why is it important for freshers?

Quantitative Aptitude tests mathematical and logical reasoning skills. It’s crucial for freshers as many companies use it to assess analytical and problem-solving abilities. Strong quantitative skills can give candidates an edge in job applications and interviews, especially for roles in finance, data analysis, and engineering.

What are the main topics covered in Quantitative Aptitude tests for freshers?

Key topics in Quantitative Aptitude tests include number systems, arithmetic (percentages, profit/loss, time/work), algebra, geometry, mensuration, trigonometry, statistics, probability, data interpretation, and time/distance problems. Freshers should focus on mastering these areas to perform well in job screening tests and interviews.

How can I improve my Quantitative Aptitude skills as a fresher?

To improve Quantitative Aptitude skills, practice regularly with a variety of questions. Use online resources, mobile apps, and books for diverse practice materials. Focus on understanding concepts rather than memorizing. Solve timed mock tests to improve speed and accuracy. Analyze mistakes to identify weak areas for improvement.

Are there any good books for Quantitative Aptitude preparation for freshers?

Popular books for Quantitative Aptitude preparation include “Quantitative Aptitude for Competitive Examinations” by R.S. Aggarwal, “Quantum CAT” by Sarvesh K. Verma, and “How to Prepare for Quantitative Aptitude for CAT” by Arun Sharma. These books offer comprehensive coverage of topics and ample practice questions.

How many Quantitative Aptitude questions should I practice daily as a fresher?

As a fresher, aim to solve 20-30 Quantitative Aptitude questions daily across various topics. Gradually increase the number and difficulty level. Quality matters more than quantity, so focus on understanding each question thoroughly. Regularly attempt timed mock tests to simulate exam conditions.

What are some common Quantitative Aptitude questions asked in fresher interviews?

Common Quantitative Aptitude questions in fresher interviews include percentage calculations, profit and loss, time and work problems, simple interest, compound interest, averages, ratios and proportions, and basic geometry. Freshers should also be prepared for data interpretation and logical reasoning questions.

How can I solve Quantitative Aptitude questions quickly in competitive exams?

To solve Quantitative Aptitude questions quickly, learn shortcuts and tricks for common problem types. Practice mental math to reduce calculation time. Recognize patterns in questions. Use approximation techniques for complex calculations. Regular timed practice will naturally improve your speed over time.

Are online Quantitative Aptitude courses helpful for freshers?

Online Quantitative Aptitude courses can be beneficial for freshers. They offer structured learning, diverse practice questions, and often include video explanations. Choose courses with good reviews that fit your learning style.

How important is Quantitative Aptitude in IT job interviews for freshers?

Quantitative Aptitude is quite important in IT job interviews for freshers. It demonstrates logical thinking and problem-solving skills crucial for coding and algorithm development. Many IT companies include quantitative sections in their aptitude tests to screen candidates before technical rounds.

What’s the best way to prepare for Data Interpretation questions in Quantitative Aptitude tests?

To prepare for Data Interpretation, practice reading and analyzing various types of graphs, charts, and tables. Develop quick calculation skills. Learn to extract relevant information efficiently. Practice with timed sets to improve speed. Focus on understanding the data relationships rather than just calculations.