SDE - Intern

Given an array/list of integer numbers 'CHOCOLATES' of size 'N', where each value of the array/list represents the number of chocolates in the packet. There are ‘M’ number of students and the task is to distribute the chocolate to their students. Distribute chocolate in such a way that:

1. Each student gets at least one packet of chocolate.

2. The difference between the maximum number of chocolate in a packet and the minimum number of chocolate in a packet given to the students is minimum.

Example :

Given 'N' : 5 (number of packets) and 'M' : 3 (number of students)

And chocolates in each packet is : {8, 11, 7, 15, 2}

All possible way to distribute 5 packets of chocolates among 3 students are -

( 8,15, 7 ) difference of maximum-minimum is ‘15 - 7’ = ‘8’
( 8, 15, 2 ) difference of maximum-minimum is ‘15 - 2’ = ‘13’ 
( 8, 15, 11 ) difference of maximum-minimum is ‘15 - 8’ = ‘7’
( 8, 7, 2 ) difference of maximum-minimum is ‘8 - 2’ = ‘6’
( 8, 7, 11 ) difference of maximum-minimum is ‘11 - 7’ = ‘4’
( 8, 2, 11 ) difference of maximum-minimum is ‘11 - 2’ = ‘9’
( 15, 7, 2 ) difference of maximum-minimum is ‘15 - 2’ = 13’
( 15, 7, 11 ) difference of maximum-minimum is ‘15 - 7’ = ‘8’
( 15, 2, 11 ) difference of maximum-minimum is ‘15 - 2’ = ‘13’
( 7, 2, 11 ) difference of maximum-minimum is ‘11 - 2’ = ‘9’

Hence there are 10 possible ways to distribute ‘5’ packets of chocolate among the ‘3’ students and difference of combination (8, 7, 11) is ‘maximum - minimum’ = ‘11 - 7’ = ‘4’ is minimum in all of the above.

You are given a QUEUE containing ‘N’ integers and an integer ‘K’. You need to reverse the order of the first ‘K’ elements of the queue, leaving the other elements in the same relative order.

You can only use the standard operations of the QUEUE STL:

1. enqueue(x) : Adds an item x to rear of the queue
2. dequeue() : Removes an item from front of the queue
3. size() : Returns number of elements in the queue.
4. front() : Finds the front element.

For Example:

Let the given queue be { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 } and K be 3.
You need to reverse the first K integers of Queue which are 1, 2, and 3.
Thus, the final response will be { 3, 2, 1, 4, 5 }.

Ninjas is practicing problems on the linked list. He came across a problem in which he has given a linked list of ‘N’ nodes and two integers, ‘LOW’ and ‘HIGH’. He has to return the linked list ‘HEAD’ after reversing the nodes between ‘LOW’ and ‘HIGH’, including the nodes at positions ‘LOW’ and ‘HIGH’.

You have been given a long type array/list 'arr’ of size 'n’.

It represents an elevation map wherein 'arr[i]’ denotes the elevation of the 'ith' bar.

Print the total amount of rainwater that can be trapped in these elevations.

Note :

The width of each bar is the same and is equal to 1.

Example:

Input: ‘n’ = 6, ‘arr’ = [3, 0, 0, 2, 0, 4].

Output: 10

Explanation: Refer to the image for better comprehension:

Note :

You don't need to print anything. It has already been taken care of. Just implement the given function.

You are given a string ‘STR’. You need to find and return the minimum number of characters to be deleted from ‘STR’ so that the frequency of each character in the string becomes unique.

Example:

If the given string is “aaBBccc” then the frequency of characters: { a:2, B:2, c:3 }. Now, as ‘a’ and ‘B’ both have the same frequency 2, we need to delete one character either one ‘a’ or one ‘B’, to make their frequency different. After deleting any character we will get frequency as 1,2 and 3, as they all are different. Thus we got our solution as 1.

You are given an array “arr'' of integers. Your task is to find the contiguous subarray within the array which has the largest product of its elements. You have to report this maximum product.

An array c is a subarray of array d if c can be obtained from d by deletion of several elements from the beginning and several elements from the end.

For e.g.- The non-empty subarrays of an array [1,2,3] will be- [1],[2],[3],[1,2],[2,3],[1,2,3]. 

For Example:

If arr = {-3,4,5}.
All the possible non-empty contiguous subarrays of “arr” are {-3}, {4}, {5}, {-3,4}, {4,5} and {-3,4,5}.
The product of these subarrays are -3, 4, 5, -12, 20 and -60 respectively.
The maximum product is 20. Hence, the answer is 20.

Follow Up:

Can you solve this in linear time and constant space complexity?