SDE - 1

You are present at point ‘A’ which is the top-left cell of an M X N matrix, your destination is point ‘B’, which is the bottom-right cell of the same matrix. Your task is to find the total number of unique paths from point ‘A’ to point ‘B’.In other words, you will be given the dimensions of the matrix as integers ‘M’ and ‘N’, your task is to find the total number of unique paths from the cell MATRIX[0][0] to MATRIX['M' - 1]['N' - 1].

To traverse in the matrix, you can either move Right or Down at each step. For example in a given point MATRIX[i] [j], you can move to either MATRIX[i + 1][j] or MATRIX[i][j + 1].

You are given two strings 'A' and 'B' of words. Your task is to find out the most frequent and lexicographically smallest word in string 'A', which is not present in string 'B'. If no such word is present in 'A', then return -1.

Note:

1. A word is a sequence of one or more lowercase characters.

2. Words are separated by a single whitespace character.

Example:

For the given string 'A' = “coding ninjas coding ninjas” and 'B' = “data structures and algorithms”, so both the word 'coding' and 'ninjas' are not present in string 'B' and occur two times each, but the word “coding” is lexicographically smaller than the word “ninjas”. So the answer is “coding”.

You are given a 2-dimensional array/list having N rows and M columns, which is filled with ones(1) and zeroes(0). 1 signifies land, and 0 signifies water.

A cell is said to be connected to another cell, if one cell lies immediately next to the other cell, in any of the eight directions (two vertical, two horizontal, and four diagonals).

A group of connected cells having value 1 is called an island. Your task is to find the number of such islands present in the matrix.

You have been given an array/list 'HEIGHTS' of length ‘N. 'HEIGHTS' represents the histogram and each element of 'HEIGHTS' represents the height of the histogram bar. Consider that the width of each histogram is 1.

You are supposed to return the area of the largest rectangle possible in the given histogram.

For example :

In the below histogram where array/list elements are {2, 1, 5, 6, 2, 3}.

The area of largest rectangle possible in the given histogram is 10.