SDE - Intern

You are given an integer array 'ARR' of size 'N' and an integer 'S'. Your task is to return the list of all pairs of elements such that each sum of elements of each pair equals 'S'.

Note:

Each pair should be sorted i.e the first value should be less than or equals to the second value. 

Return the list of pairs sorted in non-decreasing order of their first value. In case if two pairs have the same first value, the pair with a smaller second value should come first.

You are given an 'N' * 'M' sized binary-valued matrix 'MAT, where 'N' is the number of rows and 'M' is the number of columns. You need to return the maximum size (area) of the submatrix which consists of all 1’s i.e. the maximum area of a submatrix in which each cell has only the value ‘1’.

In the above image, areas in green, red, and violet color are all submatrices of the original 4x4 matrix.

Note:

1. Binary valued matrix has only two values in each cell : 0 and 1.
2. A submatrix is a matrix formed by selecting certain rows and columns from a larger matrix.
3. The area of a matrix with 'h' rows and 'w' columns is equal to 'h' * 'w'. 

You are present at point ‘A’ which is the top-left cell of an M X N matrix, your destination is point ‘B’, which is the bottom-right cell of the same matrix. Your task is to find the total number of unique paths from point ‘A’ to point ‘B’.In other words, you will be given the dimensions of the matrix as integers ‘M’ and ‘N’, your task is to find the total number of unique paths from the cell MATRIX[0][0] to MATRIX['M' - 1]['N' - 1].

To traverse in the matrix, you can either move Right or Down at each step. For example in a given point MATRIX[i] [j], you can move to either MATRIX[i + 1][j] or MATRIX[i][j + 1].

You have been given an array/list ‘EDGES’ of size (N - 1) x 2 representing the undirected connected tree with ‘N’ nodes from 0…’N’ - 1 and ‘N’ - 1 edges such that the i’th edge connects ‘EDGES[i][0]’ node with ‘EDGES[i][1]’ node.

You need to print an array/list ‘ANS’, where ANS[i] is the sum of the distances between node ‘i’ and all other nodes.

For example:

For ‘N’ = 6 and ‘EDGES’ = [ [0,1], [0, 2], [2, 3], [2, 4], [2, 5] ], see the below picture for reference:

1. For node 0:
   a. Distance from node 0 to node 1 is 1.
   b. Distance from node 0 to node 2 is 1.
   c. Distance from node 0 to node 3 is 2.
   d. Distance from node 0 to node 4 is 2.
   e. Distance from node 0 to node 5 is 2.
   So the sum of all the distances is 8.

2. For node 1:
   a. Distance from node 1 to node 0 is 1.
   b. Distance from node 1 to node 2 is 2.
   c. Distance from node 1 to node 3 is 3.
   d. Distance from node 1 to node 4 is 3.
   e. Distance from node 1 to node 5 is 3.
   So the sum of all the distances is 12.

3. For node 2:
   a. Distance from node 2 to node 0 is 1.
   b. Distance from node 2 to node 1 is 2.
   c. Distance from node 2 to node 3 is 1.
   d. Distance from node 2 to node 4 is 1.
   e. Distance from node 2 to node 5 is 1.
   So the sum of all the distances is 6.

4. For node 3:
   a. Distance from node 3 to node 0 is 2.
   b. Distance from node 3 to node 1 is 3.
   c. Distance from node 3 to node 2 is 1.
   d. Distance from node 3 to node 4 is 2.
   e. Distance from node 3 to node 5 is 2.
   So the sum of all the distances is 6.

5. For node 4:
   a. Distance from node 4 to node 0 is 2.
   b. Distance from node 4 to node 1 is 3.
   c. Distance from node 4 to node 2 is 1.
   d. Distance from node 4 to node 3 is 2.
   e. Distance from node 4 to node 5 is 2.
   So the sum of all the distances is 6.

6. For node 5:
   a. Distance from node 5 to node 0 is 2.
   b. Distance from node 5 to node 1 is 3.
   c. Distance from node 5 to node 2 is 1.
   d. Distance from node 5 to node 3 is 2.
   e. Distance from node 5 to node 4 is 2.
   So the sum of all the distances is 6.

So, ‘ANS’ for the above example will be [8, 12, 6, 10, 10, 10].

You are given an array 'ARR' of 'N' positive integers. You need to find the minimum number of operations needed to make all elements of the array equal. You can perform addition, multiplication, subtraction or division with any element on an array element.

Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication or Division on any element of the array will be considered as a single operation.

Example:

If the given array is [1,2,3] then the answer would be 2. One of the ways to make all the elements of the given array equal is by adding 1 to the array element with value 1 and subtracting 1 from the array element with value 3. So that final array would become [2,2,2]. 

You are given with an array of integers and an integer K. You have to find and print the count of all such pairs which have difference K.

Note: Take absolute difference between the elements of the array.