SDE - 1

You have given a sorted array 'A' of 'N' integers.

Now, you are given 'Q' queries, and each query consists of a single integer 'X'. Your task is to check whether 'X' is present in array 'A' or not for each query. If 'X' exists in array 'A', you need to print 1 else print 0.

Note :

The given array is sorted in non-decreasing order. 

You are given an 'N * N' matrix of integers where each row and each column is sorted in increasing order. You are given a target integer 'X'.

Find the position of 'X' in the matrix. If it exists then return the pair {i, j} where 'i' represents the row and 'j' represents the column of the array, otherwise return {-1,-1}

For example:

If the given matrix is:
[ [1, 2, 5],
  [3, 4, 9],
  [6, 7, 10]] 
We have to find the position of 4. We will return {1,1} since A[1][1] = 4.

Stack is a data structure that follows the LIFO (Last in First out) principle. Design and implement a stack to implement the following functions:

1. Push(num): Push the given number in the stack if the stack is not full.

2. Pop: Remove and print the top element from the stack if present, else print -1.

3. Top: Print the top element of the stack if present, else print -1.

4. isEmpty: Print 1 if the stack is empty, else print 0.

5. isFull: Print 1 if the stack is full, else print 0.

You have been given ‘m’ operations which you need to perform in the stack. Your task is to implement all the functions of the stack.

Example:

We perform the following operations on an empty stack which has capacity 2:

When operation 1 1 is performed, we insert 1 in the stack.

When operation 1 2  is performed, we insert 2 in the stack. 

When operation 2 is performed, we remove the top element from the stack and print 2.

When operation 3 is performed, we print the top element of the stack, i.e., 3.

When operation 4 is performed, we print 0 because the stack is not empty.

When operation 5 is performed, we print 0 because the stack is size 1, which is not equal to its capacity.

You are given a 2-dimensional array/list having N rows and M columns, which is filled with ones(1) and zeroes(0). 1 signifies land, and 0 signifies water.

A cell is said to be connected to another cell, if one cell lies immediately next to the other cell, in any of the eight directions (two vertical, two horizontal, and four diagonals).

A group of connected cells having value 1 is called an island. Your task is to find the number of such islands present in the matrix.

A girl found that she had a 56 cm strip of ribbon. She could cut a cm off every second. How long would it take for her to cut 56 pieces? She can not fold the strip or stack two or more strips and cut them together.

Given an array of integers of size ‘N’ and a positive integer ‘K’. Return the number of non-empty subarrays whose sum is divisible by K.

A subarray is a contiguous subset of an array.

For Example :

Consider an array of size four. The elements of the array are { -4, 5, 6, 1}. 
The value of K is 4. 
The subarrays whose sum is divisible by 4 are as  follows:
[ -4 ] 
[-4, 5, 6, 1] 
[ 5, 6, 1] 
Hence, there are three subarrays whose sum is divisible by 4.