Software Developer

1. The C programming language is a procedural language type while C++ is an object-oriented programming language type.

2. C programming follows a top to down programming approach that focuses on the steps rather than the data. C++ follows a bottom-to-top approach that focuses on data rather than the overall procedure.
 

3. Since C is a structured programming language the program is divided into separate blocks known as functions. Since C++ is an object-oriented programming language, the code is divided into Objects and Classes.

A C++ virtual function is a member function in the base class that you redefine in a derived class. It is declared using the virtual keyword. It is used to tell the compiler to perform dynamic linkage or late binding on the function. A 'virtual' is a keyword preceding the normal declaration of a function. When the function is made virtual, C++ determines which function is to be invoked at the runtime based on the type of the object pointed by the base class pointer.

Inheritance is the process in which two classes have an is-a relationship among each other and objects of one class acquire properties and features of the other class. The class which inherits the features is known as the child class, and the class whose features it inherited is called the parent class.

A constructor that accepts no parameter is called the default constructor. A constructor that initializes a object with the data values of another object is called copy constructor. 
A default constructor takes no parameter. Copy constructor takes one parameter of its class& type.

There are 3 types of access modifiers available in C++ :

 
Public : All the class members declared under the public specifier will be available to everyone. The data members and member functions declared as public can be accessed by other classes and functions too. The public members of a class can be accessed from anywhere in the program using the direct member access operator (.) with the object of that class. 

Private : The class members declared as private can be accessed only by the member functions inside the class. They are not allowed to be accessed directly by any object or function outside the class. Only the member functions or the friend functions are allowed to access the private data members of a class. 
 

Protected : Protected access modifier is similar to private access modifier in the sense that it can’t be accessed outside of it’s class unless with the help of friend class, the difference is that the class members declared as Protected can be accessed by any subclass(derived class) of that class as well.

1. Stands for DDL stands for Data Definition Language. DML stands for Data Manipulation Language.

2. Usage DDL statements are used to create database, schema, constraints, users, tables etc. DML statement is used to insert, update or delete the records.
 

3. Classification DDL has no further classification. DML is further classified into procedural DML and non-procedural DML.

1) A primary key can constitute one or more fields of a table to identify records in a table uniquely. On the other hand, a unique key prevents two rows from having duplicate entries in a column.
 

2) A table cannot have more than one primary key in a relational database, while there can be multiple unique keys per table.
 

3) A primary key column cannot contain NULL values, whereas a unique key can have NULL values, but only one NULL is allowed in a table.
 

4) A primary key should be unique, but a unique key cannot necessarily be the primary key.
 

5) The primary key by default is a clustered index where data is physically organized in the sequential index. In contrast, the unique key is a unique non-clustered index.

1) DBMS applications store data as file. RDBMS applications store data in a tabular form.

2) In DBMS, data is generally stored in either a hierarchical form or a navigational form. In RDBMS, the tables have an identifier called primary key and the data values are stored in the form of tables.
 

3) Normalization is not present in DBMS. Normalization is present in RDBMS.
 

4) DBMS does not apply any security with regards to data manipulation. RDBMS defines the integrity constraint for the purpose of ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation and Durability) property.
 

5) DBMS uses file system to store data, so there will be no relation between the tables. in RDBMS, data values are stored in the form of tables, so a relationship between these data values will be stored in the form of a table as well.

1) It is used to remove the duplicate data and database anomalies from the relational table.
 

2) Normalization helps to reduce redundancy and complexity by examining new data types used in the table.
 

3) It is helpful to divide the large database table into smaller tables and link them using relationship.
 

4) It avoids duplicate data or no repeating groups into a table.
 

5) It reduces the chances for anomalies to occur in a database.

Tip 1 : The cross questioning can go intense some time, think before you speak.

Tip 2 : Be open minded and answer whatever you are thinking, in these rounds I feel it is important to have opinion.

Tip 3 : Context of questions can be switched, pay attention to the details. It is okay to ask questions in these round, like what are the projects currently the company is investing, which team you are mentoring. How all is the work environment etc.