SDE - Intern

You are given a sorted array 'arr' of distinct values and a target value 'm'. You need to search for the index of the target value in the array.

Note:

1. If the value is present in the array, return its index.
2. If the value is absent, determine the index where it would be inserted in the array while maintaining the sorted order. 
3. The given array has distinct integers.
4. The given array may be empty.

Example:

Input:  arr = [1, 2, 4, 7],  m = 6 

Output: 3

Explanation: If the given array 'arr' is: [1, 2, 4, 7] and m = 6. We insert m = 6 in the array and get 'arr' as: [1, 2, 4, 6, 7]. The position of 6 is 3 (according to 0-based indexing)

You are given a pattern in the form of a string and a collection of words. Your task is to determine if the pattern string and the collection of words have the same order.

Note :

The strings are non-empty.

The strings only contain lowercase English letters.

You have been given a Binary Tree of integers. You are supposed to return the maximum width of the given Binary Tree. The maximum width of the tree is the maximum width among all the levels of the given tree.

The width of one level is defined as the length between the leftmost and the rightmost, non-null nodes in the level, where the null nodes in between the leftmost and rightmost are excluded into length calculation.

For example :

For the given binary tree

The maximum width will be at the third level with the length of 3, i.e. {4, 5, 6}.

You have been given a Binary Tree of ‘N’ nodes, where the nodes have integer values. Your task is to print all nodes that don’t have a sibling node.

Note:

1. Node ‘U’ is said to be a sibling of node ‘V’ if and only if both ‘U’ and ‘V’ have the same parent.
2. Root 1 is a sibling node.

You are given an 'n' x 'n' binary matrix 'grid'.

You are allowed to change at most one '0' to be '1'. Your task is to find the size of the largest island in the grid after applying this operation.

Note:

An island is a 4-directionally (North, South, East, West) connected group of 1s.

Example:

Input: 'grid' = [[1,0],
                 [0,1]]
Output: 3

Explanation:
We can change the 0 at (0,1) to 1 and get an island of size 3.

You are given a 2-dimensional array/list having N rows and M columns, which is filled with ones(1) and zeroes(0). 1 signifies land, and 0 signifies water.

A cell is said to be connected to another cell, if one cell lies immediately next to the other cell, in any of the eight directions (two vertical, two horizontal, and four diagonals).

A group of connected cells having value 1 is called an island. Your task is to find the number of such islands present in the matrix.