Software Developer

You have been given a board where there are '2' rows and 'N' columns. You have an infinite supply of 2x1 tiles, and you can place a tile in the following ways:

1. Horizontally as 1x2 tile
2. Vertically as 2x1 tile

Count the number of ways to tile the given board using the available tiles.

Note :

The number of ways might be large so output your answer modulo 10^9 + 7.

Here an example of tile and board for 'N' = 4 :

You have been given an Encrypted String where repetitions of substrings are represented as substring followed by the count of substrings.

Example: String "aabbbcdcdcd" will be encrypted as "a2b3cd3".

You need to find the 'K'th character of Decrypted String. Decrypted String would have 1-based indexing.

Note :

Input string will always be lowercase characters without any spaces.

If the count of a substring is 1 then also it will be followed by Integer '1'.
Example: "aabcdee" will be Encrypted as "a2bcd1e2"
This means it's guaranteed that each substring is followed by some Integer.

Also, the frequency of encrypted substring can be of more than one digit. For example, in "ab12c3", ab is repeated 12 times. No leading 0 is present in the frequency of substring.

The frequency of a repeated substring can also be in parts.
Example: "aaaabbbb" can also have "a2a2b3b1" as Encrypted String.

Given an array of distinct integers, find all the pairs having positive value and negative value of a number that exists in the array. Return the pairs in any order.

Note:

The pair consists of equal absolute values, one being positive and another negative.

Return an empty array, if no such pair exists.

1. Difference between threads and processes.(Learn)
2. Deadlocks and their prevention.(Learn Deadlocks)(Learn Deadlock Prevention)

Implement a Trie Data Structure which supports the following three operations:

Operation 1 - insert(word) - To insert a string WORD in the Trie.

Operation 2-  search(word) - To check if a string WORD is present in Trie or not.

Operation 3-  startsWith(word) - To check if there is a string that has the prefix WORD.

Trie is a data structure that is like a tree data structure in its organisation. It consists of nodes that store letters or alphabets of words, which can be added, retrieved, and deleted from the trie in a very efficient way.

In other words, Trie is an information retrieval data structure, which can beat naive data structures like Hashmap, Tree, etc in the time complexities of its operations.

The above figure is the representation of a Trie. New words that are added are inserted as the children of the root node. 

Alphabets are added in the top to bottom fashion in parent to children hierarchy. Alphabets that are highlighted with blue circles are the end nodes that mark the ending of a word in the Trie.

For Example:-

Type = ["insert", "search"], Query = ["coding", "coding].
We return ["null", "true"] as coding is present in the trie after 1st operation.

You are given an integer array 'arr' of size 'N' and an integer 'K'.

Your task is to find the total number of subarrays of the given array whose sum of elements is equal to k.

A subarray is defined as a contiguous block of elements in the array.

Example:

Input: ‘N’ = 4, ‘arr’ = [3, 1, 2, 4], 'K' = 6

Output: 2

Explanation: The subarrays that sum up to '6' are: [3, 1, 2], and [2, 4].

A ninja needs to complete ‘n’ tasks. Each task is represented by an uppercase letter of the English alphabet. Different letters are assigned to different tasks. A ninja can complete tasks in any order. He takes one unit of time to complete one task. For each unit of time, he could complete either one task or just be idle.

Ninja easily gets bored by doing the same task again. So he decided to keep at least ‘t’ units of time between any two same tasks.

You are given a string ‘tasks’ consisting of ‘n’ uppercase letters of the English alphabet, representing the tasks ninja need to complete, and an integer ‘t’ representing the least units of time between any two same tasks. Find out the minimum total units of time ninja will take to complete all ‘n’ tasks.