System Engineer Specialist

You are given a starting position for a rat which is stuck in a maze at an initial point (0, 0) (the maze can be thought of as a 2-dimensional plane). The maze would be given in the form of a square matrix of order 'N' * 'N' where the cells with value 0 represent the maze’s blocked locations while value 1 is the open/available path that the rat can take to reach its destination. The rat's destination is at ('N' - 1, 'N' - 1). Your task is to find all the possible paths that the rat can take to reach from source to destination in the maze. The possible directions that it can take to move in the maze are 'U'(up) i.e. (x, y - 1) , 'D'(down) i.e. (x, y + 1) , 'L' (left) i.e. (x - 1, y), 'R' (right) i.e. (x + 1, y).

Note:

Here, sorted paths mean that the expected output should be in alphabetical order.

For Example:

Given a square matrix of size 4*4 (i.e. here 'N' = 4):
1 0 0 0
1 1 0 0
1 1 0 0
0 1 1 1 
Expected Output:
DDRDRR DRDDRR 
i.e. Path-1: DDRDRR and Path-2: DRDDRR

The rat can reach the destination at (3, 3) from (0, 0) by two paths, i.e. DRDDRR and DDRDRR when printed in sorted order, we get DDRDRR DRDDRR.

Ninja is in space with his super spaceship having unlimited fuel. Ninja initially has a health level ‘H’ and his spaceship has an armour ‘A’. He decides to play a game, where at any instant he can be only on one of the 3 planets: VENUS, MARS or SATURN. At every unit of time, he has to change his location and you can assume he can change his location instantly. Each planet has different effects on health and armour which are :

Venus: Decreases health by 4, decreases armour by 8.
Mars: Increases health by 3, increases armour by 2. 
Saturn: Decreases health by 10, increases armour by 5. 

Now the game will end if either ‘H’ <= 0 or ‘A’ <= 0.

Your task is to find the maximum time Ninja can survive.

Note :

You can choose any of the 3 planets during your first move.

You are given an undirected graph as an adjacency matrix consisting of 'v' vertices and an integer 'm'.

You need to return 'YES' if you can color the graph using at most 'm' colors so that no two adjacent vertices are the same. Else, return 'NO'.

For example:

Input:
If the given adjacency matrix is:
[0 1 0]
[1 0 1]
[0 1 0] and 'm' = 3.

Output: YES

Explanation:
The given adjacency matrix tells us that 1 is connected to 2 and 2 is connected to 3. We can use three different colors and color all three nodes.
Hence we return true.

The city of Ninjaland is analogous to the unweighted graph. The city has ‘N’ houses numbered from 1 to ‘N’ respectively and are connected by M bidirectional roads. If a road is connecting two houses ‘X’ and ‘Y’ which means you can go from ‘X’ to ‘Y’ or ‘Y’ to ‘X’. It is guaranteed that you can reach any house from any other house via some combination of roads. Two houses are directly connected by at max one road.

A path between house ‘S’ to house ‘T’ is defined as a sequence of vertices from ‘S’ to ‘T’. Where starting house is ‘S’ and the ending house is ‘T’ and there is a road connecting two consecutive houses. Basically, the path looks like this: (S , h1 , h2 , h3 , ... T). you have to find the shortest path from ‘S’ to ‘T’.

For example

In the below map of Ninjaland let say you want to go from S=1 to T=8, the shortest path is (1, 3, 8). You can also go from S=1 to T=8  via (1, 2, 5, 8)  or (1, 4, 6, 7, 8) but these paths are not shortest.