SDE - 1

There is a one-dimensional garden of length 'N'. On each of the positions from 0 to 'N', there is a fountain, and this fountain’s water can reach up to a certain range as explained further. In other words, there are 'N' + 1 fountains located at positions 0, 1, 2, 3, …. 'N' which can be activated in the garden.

You are given an integer 'N' and an array/list 'ARR' of length 'N' + 1, where each index of the array denotes the coverage limit of a particular fountain.

A fountain at index 'i' can water the area ranging from the position 'i' - 'ARR'['i'] to 'i' + 'ARR'['i'].

Your task is to find the minimum number of fountains that have to be activated such that the whole garden from position 0 to 'N' has access to the water from at least some fountain.

Note:

1. 0-based indexing is used in the array.
2. We only care about the garden from 0 to 'N' only. So if i - 'ARR'['i'] < 0 or i + 'ARR'['i'] > 'N', you may ignore the exceeding area.
3. If some fountain covers the garden from position 'A' to position 'B', it means that the water from this fountain will spread to the whole line segment with endpoints 'A' and 'B'.

You are given a string ‘STR’. Your task is to return a prefix among all the prefixes of ‘STR’ that occurs the maximum number of times as a substring in ‘STR’. In case of a tie, return the longest prefix.

For example:

You are given ‘STR’ = “ababcd”. Then our answer will be “ab”. The prefixes “a” and “ab” occur the maximum number of times, i.e., 2. As the prefix “ab” is longer than “a” so, our answer will be “ab”.

You are given an Array/List Arr of non-negative integers. Your task is to return the number of Squareful permutations of the array.

An array is called Squareful if the sum of every pair of adjacent elements is a perfect square.

Example

ARR[1,3,6] is a Squareful array as 1+3=4 i.e. 2^2 , 3+6=9 i.e. 3^2.

Two permutations ARR1 and ARR2, are different from each other if there exit an index i such that ARR1[i] != ARR2[i].

Example:

[1,6,3] and [6,1,3] are different permutations.

You are given ‘N’ distinct integers in the form of an array ‘ARR’. You need to print the length of the longest subarray in which the numbers are present in a continuous sequence.

Note: All elements are distinct from the array.

For example:

Let ‘ARR’ be: [1, 2, 4]
Then the largest subarray with continuous sequence will be: [1, 2]
So the length will be 2.

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