Trainee Technology

There is a wedding ceremony at NinjaLand. The bride and groom want everybody to play a game and thus, they have blindfolded the attendees. The people from the bride’s side are holding odd numbers and people from the groom’s side are holding the even numbers. For the game to start quickly, all the bride’s side people should come first, followed by the groom’s side people in the same order.

The attendees of the wedding with their numbers are given in the form of a Singly Linked List, arranged randomly.

A singly linked list is a type of linked list that is unidirectional; that is, it can be traversed in only one direction from head to the last node (tail).

Example:

The attendees holding numbers from 1, 4, 3 are shown: 

As the organizers are busy, you have to arrange all the people by arranging the bride’s side people first followed by the groom’s side people sequentially.

Note:

For the above example 1 -> 4 -> 3, 1 -> 3 -> 4 is the only correct answer, i.e nodes should be grouped sequentially. Hence, 3 -> 1 -> 4 is the wrong answer as we have to preserve the same order.

Given a number ‘N', the task is to find the total number of derangements of a set of ‘N’ elements.

A ‘Derangement’ is a permutation of 'N' elements, such that no element appears in its original position. For example, a derangement of {0, 1, 2, 3} is {2, 3, 1, 0}.

For example, 'N' = 2 , {0, 1} and {1, 0} are the only derangement therefore output will be 1.

You are given two strings S and X containing random characters. Your task is to find the smallest substring in S which contains all the characters present in X.

Example:

Let S = “abdd” and X = “bd”.

The windows in S which contain all the characters in X are: 'abdd', 'abd', 'bdd', 'bd'. 
Out of these, the smallest substring in S which contains all the characters present in X is 'bd'. 
All the other substring have a length larger than 'bd'.

You have been given a long type array/list 'arr’ of size 'n’.

It represents an elevation map wherein 'arr[i]’ denotes the elevation of the 'ith' bar.

Print the total amount of rainwater that can be trapped in these elevations.

Note :

The width of each bar is the same and is equal to 1.

Example:

Input: ‘n’ = 6, ‘arr’ = [3, 0, 0, 2, 0, 4].

Output: 10

Explanation: Refer to the image for better comprehension:

Note :

You don't need to print anything. It has already been taken care of. Just implement the given function.

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