SDE - 1

The node structure of a binary tree is modified such that each node has the reference to its parent node.

You are given two nodes: ‘N1’ and ‘N2’, of the above binary tree. Your task is to return the lowest common ancestor (LCA) of the given nodes.

Note:

Let ‘TREE’ be a binary tree. The lowest common ancestor of two nodes, ‘N1’ and ‘N2’, is defined as the lowest node in ‘TREE’ with ‘N1’ and ‘N2’ as descendants (where we allow a node to be a descendant of itself).

Ninjas has been given an array. He wants to find a subarray such that the sum of all elements in the subarray is maximum.

Subarray 'A' is greater than sub-array 'B' if sum(A) > sum(B). If two sub-array have the same maximum sum, then output the subarray that has a larger length.

A subarray means a contiguous part of an array. For example, In 'arr' = [1, 2, 3, 4], [1, 2], [2, 3, 4] are the contiguous subarry but [1, 3, 4] is not a subarray.

Note:

More than one sub-array can have a maximum sum, in that case, output any.

You are given an array 'a' of size 'n'.

Print the Next Greater Element(NGE) for every element.

The Next Greater Element for an element 'x' is the first element on the right side of 'x' in the array, which is greater than 'x'.

If no greater elements exist to the right of 'x', consider the next greater element as -1.

For example:

Input: 'a' = [7, 12, 1, 20]

Output: NGE = [12, 20, 20, -1]

Explanation: For the given array,

- The next greater element for 7 is 12.

- The next greater element for 12 is 20. 

- The next greater element for 1 is 20. 

- There is no greater element for 20 on the right side. So we consider NGE as -1.

You have been given a long type array/list 'arr’ of size 'n’.

It represents an elevation map wherein 'arr[i]’ denotes the elevation of the 'ith' bar.

Print the total amount of rainwater that can be trapped in these elevations.

Note :

The width of each bar is the same and is equal to 1.

Example:

Input: ‘n’ = 6, ‘arr’ = [3, 0, 0, 2, 0, 4].

Output: 10

Explanation: Refer to the image for better comprehension:

Note :

You don't need to print anything. It has already been taken care of. Just implement the given function.

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