SDE - 1

You are given an array consisting of 'N' distinct positive integers and a number 'K'. Your task is to find the kth largest element in the array.

Example:

Consider the array {2,1,5,6,3,8} and 'K' = 3, the sorted array will be {8, 6, 5, 3, 2, 1}, and the 3rd largest element will be 5.

Note:

1) Kth largest element in an array is the kth element of the array when sorted in non-increasing order. 

2) All the elements of the array are pairwise distinct.

Ninja has been assigned to convert temperature from Fahrenheit to Celsius. He has been given a starting Fahrenheit Value (S), ending Fahrenheit value (E), and step size (W). Unfortunately, he does not know how to convert from Fahrenheit to Celsius. Please help him to find the result.

You are given 'N' stones labeled from 1 to 'N'. The 'i-th' stone has the weight W[i]. There are 'M' colors labeled by integers from 1 to 'M'. The 'i-th' stone has the color C[i] which is an integer between 1 to 'M', both inclusive.

You have been required to fill a Knapsack with these stones. The Knapsack can hold a total weight of 'X'.

You are required to select exactly 'M' stones; one of each color. The sum of the weights of the stones must not exceed 'X'. Since you paid a premium for a Knapsack with capacity 'X', you are required to fill the Knapsack as much as possible.

Write a program to calculate the best way to fill the Knapsack - that is, the unused capacity should be minimized.

You have been given ‘N’ courses and some courses may have prerequisites. Now consider a matrix ‘PREREQUISITES’ of size 'M' x 2 which represents that you must complete the course 'PREREQUISITES[i][1]' before the course 'PREREQUISITES[i][0]'.

Your task is to return the order of courses you should take to finish all courses.

Note:

If it is impossible to finish all courses, return an empty array. If there are multiple answers, return any one.

For example:

Input:
3 2
1 2
2 3

There are three courses to take. To start with, First course 3 is taken. Then course 2 is taken for which course 3 must be completed. 

At last course 1 is taken for which course 2 must be completed. So the correct course order is [3,2,1].    

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