Basic Operations with Numbers
Arithmetic Operations
Python supports basic arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
Examples
Python
# Addition
sum = 10 + 5
# Subtraction
difference = 10 - 5
# Multiplication
product = 10 * 5
# Division
quotient = 10 / 5
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Output
15
5
50
2.0
Comparison Operations
Comparison operations compare two values and return a Boolean.
Examples
Python
a = 10
b = 5
print(a > b)
print(a == b)
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Output
True
False
Logical Operations
Logical operations combine Boolean values.
Examples
Python
x = True
y = False
print(x and y)
print(x or y)
print(not x)
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Output
False
True
False
Bitwise Operations
Bitwise operations work on bits and perform bit-by-bit operations.
Bitwise operations work on bits and perform bit-by-bit operations.
Examples:
Python
a = 10 # Binary: 1010
b = 4 # Binary: 0100
print(a & b)
print(a | b)
print(a ^ b)
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Output
0 (Binary: 0000)
14 (Binary: 1110)
14 (Binary: 1110)
Type Conversion
Python allows converting numbers from one type to another using built-in functions.
Examples
Python
# Converting float to int
x = 10.5
y = int(x)
# Converting int to float
a = 5
b = float(a)
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Output
10
5.0
Mathematical Functions and Constants
Python's math module provides various mathematical functions and constants.
Examples
Python
import math
# Square root
print(math.sqrt(16))
# Power
print(math.pow(2, 3))
# Constants
print(math.pi)
print(math.e)
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Output
4.0
8.0
3.141592653589793
2.718281828459045
Decimal Module
The decimal module provides support for fast correctly-rounded decimal floating point arithmetic.
Example
Python
from decimal import Decimal
dec = Decimal('10.5')
print(dec)
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Output
10.5
Random Numbers
The random module provides various functions to generate random numbers.
Example:
Python
import random
print(random.randint(1, 10)) # Random integer between 1 and 10
print(random.random()) # Random float between 0.0 and 1.0
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Complex Numbers
Python supports complex numbers with built-in complex type.
Example
Python
z = 1 + 2j
print(z.real)
print(z.imag)
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Output
1.0
2.0
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I convert a string to a number in Python?
Use int(), float(), or complex() to convert a string to a number.
Can I perform arithmetic operations on Boolean values?
Yes, True is treated as 1 and False as 0 in arithmetic operations.
Conclusion
Python's robust support for various number types and operations makes it a versatile language for a wide range of applications. Whether you're performing basic arithmetic, scientific computations, or financial calculations, Python's number handling capabilities are up to the task.
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