JavaFX Images

Adding a Picture

By creating an instance of the Image class from the JavaFX.scene.image package, you can load an image in JavaFX.

The class's construction must receive one of the following arguments:

• a loadable image's InputStream object or,
• a string variable containing the image's URL.

Constructors:

• ImageView(): Create an ImageView object using the ImageView() method without a constructor argument.
• ImageView(Image image): Create an ImageView object using the constructor with the input image.
• ImageView(String URL): Construct an ImageView object by passing a string representation of the image's URL to its constructor.

Most common methods:-

• setImage(image): The image object is set using setImage().
• setFitWidth(): Set the image width with setFitWidth().
• setPreserveRatio(true/false): Set the image preserved ratio with setPreserveRatio() or setPreserveRatio(true/false). False is the default setting.
• setSmooth(true/false): Set the smoothness of the image with setSmooth() by calling setSmooth(true/false). False is the default setting.
• Set the picture cache with setCache() by using the setCache(true/false) method. False is the default setting.
• setFill(Color.BLACK): The fill color of an image is set using the setFill() method.
• add(): The JavaFX elements are added using the add() method.
• show(): The output is displayed using show().

How may an ImageView be created in JavaFX?

User-developed classes that access JavaFX features must extend the Application.

Step 1: Use new to instantiate an image.

Step 2: The second step entails creating an ImageView and assigning an image to the image view.

Step 3: To add the elements, create a VBox or alternative display class (such as a telephone or HBox depending on the necessity).

Step 4: Setting up the scene before applying the show method.

Step 5: Add the Scene reference screen to the Stage object reference. Screen for output is added to Stage. This stage object reference will be obtained via the start predefined JavaFX method.

Step 6: Applying the show() method to the scene object to display output to the user.

Example 1

The example that follows shows how to load an image and set the view in JavaFX.

Program:-

import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.Button;
import javafx.scene.layout.*;
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
import javafx.scene.shape.Polygon;
import javafx.scene.control.*;
import javafx.stage.Stage;

import javafx.scene.Group;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.scene.Group;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.image.Image;
import javafx.scene.image.ImageView;  
import javafx.stage.Stage;  

public class App extends Application {  
   @Override
   public void start(Stage stage) throws FileNotFoundException {        
      //Creating an image
      Image img = new Image(new FileInputStream("C:\\434329.jpg"));  
     
      //Setting the image view
      ImageView imageView = new ImageView(img);
     
      //Setting the position of the image
      imageView.setX(60);
      imageView.setY(30);
     
      //setting the fit height and width of the image view
      imageView.setFitHeight(500);
      imageView.setFitWidth(550);
     
      //Setting the preserve ratio of the image view
      imageView.setPreserveRatio(true);  
      Group root = new Group(imageView);  
      Scene scene = new Scene(root, 700, 500);  
      stage.setTitle("Loading an image");  
      stage.setScene(scene);
     
      //Displaying the contents of stage
      stage.show();
   }  
   public static void main(String args[]) {
      launch(args);
   }
}

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Output:-

Example 2

Additionally, you can specify different viewpoints for the same scene's image. The following application serves as an illustration of how to use JavaFX to set different perspectives for an image within a scene.

Program:-

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.scene.Group;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.image.Image;  
import javafx.scene.image.ImageView;
import javafx.stage.Stage;  

public class App extends Application {  
   @Override
   public void start(Stage stage) throws FileNotFoundException {        
      //Creating an image
      Image image = new Image(new FileInputStream("C:\\434329.jpg"));  
     
      //Setting the image view 1
      ImageView imageView1 = new ImageView(image);
     
      imageView1.setX(60);
      imageView1.setY(30);
     
      imageView1.setFitHeight(400);
      imageView1.setFitWidth(350);        
      imageView1.setPreserveRatio(true);
         
      //Setting the image view 2
      ImageView imageView2 = new ImageView(image);
     
      imageView2.setX(450);
      imageView2.setY(30);
     
      imageView2.setFitHeight(150);
      imageView2.setFitWidth(350);          
      imageView2.setPreserveRatio(true);
         
      //Setting the image view 3
      ImageView imageView3 = new ImageView(image);  
     
      imageView3.setX(350);
      imageView3.setY(200);
     
      imageView3.setFitHeight(100);
      imageView3.setFitWidth(100);        
      imageView3.setPreserveRatio(true);  
     
      Group root = new Group(imageView1, imageView2, imageView3);  
      Scene scene = new Scene(root, 800, 400);  
      stage.setTitle("Multiple views of an image");  
      stage.setScene(scene);  
      stage.show();
   }  
   public static void main(String args[]) {
      launch(args);
   }
}

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Output:-

Writing Pixels

To read and write pixels in an image, JavaFX offers the PixelReader and PixelWriter classes. A writable image is made using the WritableImage class.

The example shows how to read and write pixels in an image. Here, we are darkening an image by reading its color value.

Program:-

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;  
import javafx.application.Application;

import javafx.scene.Group;  
import javafx.scene.Scene;

import javafx.scene.image.Image;
import javafx.scene.image.ImageView;
import javafx.scene.image.PixelReader;
import javafx.scene.image.PixelWriter;
import javafx.scene.image.WritableImage;
 
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
import javafx.stage.Stage;  

public class App extends Application {  
   @Override
   public void start(Stage stage) throws FileNotFoundException {        
      //Creating an image
      Image image = new Image(new FileInputStream("C:\\Capture.jpg"));
      int width = (int)image.getWidth();
      int height = (int)image.getHeight();
         
      WritableImage wImage = new WritableImage(width, height);
      PixelReader pixelReader = image.getPixelReader();
      PixelWriter writer = wImage.getPixelWriter();          
     
      for(int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
         for(int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
            Color color = pixelReader.getColor(x, y);
            writer.setColor(x, y, color.darker());              
         }
      }  
     
      ImageView imageView = new ImageView(wImage);
             
      //Creating Group object  
      Group root = new Group(imageView);  
           
      //Creating scene object
      Scene scene = new Scene(root, 450, 250);  
      stage.setTitle("Writing pixels ");  
      stage.setScene(scene);  
      stage.show();  
   }
   public static void main(String args[]) {
      launch(args);
   }
}

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Output:-

Frequently Asked Questions

What is JavaFX is an image?

Using the classes given by JavaFX in the package JavaFX. scene. image, you can load and manipulate images. JavaFX supports image formats including BMP, GIF, JPEG, and PNG. You will learn how to load images into JavaFX, project an image in different views, and change an image's pixels in this chapter.

Can a button using JavaFX have an image added?

The setGraphic() function of the Button class adds a graphic object (node) to a button.

How do I include a picture in a JavaFX scene?

A FileInputStream should represent the image you want to load. You bypass the input stream object you just generated and send it as a constructor parameter, instantiate the Image class instead. Create an instance of the ImageView class. By providing the image object as a parameter to the setImage() method, you can set the image to it.

Conclusion

In this article, we have extensively discussed the JavaFX images. In detail, we will discuss adding the image and writing pixels with the help of various programs.

We hope this blog has helped you enhance your JavaFX image knowledge. If you would like to learn more, check out our articles on JavaFX, JDK, and Image Sampling. Practice makes a man perfect. To practice and improve yourself in the interview, you can check out Top 100 SQL problems, Interview experience, Coding interview questions, and the Ultimate guide path for interviews.

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